NIST Cybersecurity Framework Components

NIST Cybersecurity Framework

• The NIST Cybersecurity Framework consists of three primary components to manage cybersecurity risk: Identify, Protect, and Detect.
• The framework core consists of five components: Identify, Protect, Detect, Respond, and Recover.
• The framework has four implementation tiers: Partial (Tier 1), Risk-Informed (Tier 2), Repeatable (Tier 3), and Adaptive (Tier 4).
• A Current Profile is the current state of organizational risk management, while a Target Profile is the desired future state of organizational risk management.

NIST Privacy Framework

• The NIST Privacy Framework Core consists of eight functions: Identify, Govern, Control, Communicate, Protect, Detect, Respond, and Recover.
• The framework has three control implementation approaches: Common (Inheritable), System-Specific, and Hybrid.

Data Breaches

• There are two general categories of data breaches: Unintentional Data Breach (resulting from negligence or error) and Intentional Data Breach (resulting from bad actors illegally gaining access to data).

Privacy and Data Security Standards

• Three examples of safeguards for covered entities or business associates are: Administrative safeguards, Physical safeguards, and Technical safeguards.
• The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) requires following six principles when processing data: Lawfulness, Fairness, Transparency, Purpose Limitation, Data Minimization, Accuracy, Storage Limitation, and Integrity and Confidentiality.
• The Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS) has six goals: Build and maintain a secure network and systems, Protect account data, Maintain a vulnerability management program, Implement strong access control measures, Regularly monitor and test networks, and Maintain an information security policy.

Center for Internet Security Critical Security Controls

• The CIS Controls were designed based on five principles: Align, Measurable, Offense Informs Defense, Focus, and Feasible.
• Control 01: Inventory and Control of Enterprise Assets aims to actively manage all enterprise assets connected to the infrastructure.
• Control 02: Inventory and Control of Software Assets aims to manage all software on the network so that only authorized software is installed and can execute.
• Control 03: Data Protection aims to develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain, and dispose of data.
• Control 04: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software aims to establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets and software.
• Control 05: Account Management aims to use processes and tools to assign and manage authorization to credentials for user accounts.
• Control 06: Access Control Management aims to use processes and tools to create, assign, manage, and revoke access credentials and privileges for user, administrator, and service accounts.
• Control 07: Continuous Vulnerability Management aims to develop a plan to continuously assess and track vulnerabilities on all enterprise assets.
• Control 08: Audit Log Management aims to collect, alert, review, and retain audit logs of events that could help detect, understand, or recover from an attack.
• Control 09: Email and Web Browser Protections aims to improve protections and detections of threats from email and web vectors.
• Control 10: Malware Defenses aims to prevent or control the installation, spread, and execution of malicious applications, code, or scripts on enterprise assets.
• Control 11: Data Recovery aims to establish and maintain data recovery practices sufficient to restore in-scope enterprise assets to a pre-incident and trusted state.
• Control 12: Network Infrastructure Management aims to establish, implement, and actively manage network devices in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable network services and access points.### Center for Internet Security (CIS) Critical Security Controls

Control 13: Network Monitoring and Defense

• Establish and maintain comprehensive network monitoring and defense against security threats across the enterprise's network infrastructure and user base.

Control 14: Security Awareness and Skills Training

• Establish and maintain a security awareness program to influence behavior among the workforce to be security conscious and properly skilled to reduce cybersecurity risks to the enterprise.

Control 15: Service Provider Management

• Develop a process to evaluate service providers who hold sensitive data or are responsible for an enterprise's critical IT platforms or processes to ensure these providers are protecting those platforms and data appropriately.

Control 16: Application Software Security

• Manage the security life cycle of in-house developed, hosted, or acquired software to prevent, detect, and remediate security weaknesses before they can impact the enterprise.

Control 17: Incident Response Management

• Establish a program to develop and maintain an incident response capability to prepare, detect, and quickly respond to an attack.

Control 18: Penetration Testing

• Test the effectiveness and resiliency of enterprise assets through identifying and exploiting weaknesses in controls (people, processes, and technology), and simulating the objectives and actions of an attacker.

COBIT 2019 Framework

Purpose

• Provides a roadmap for implementing best practices for IT governance and management.

Key Differences between Management and Stakeholders

• Management: responsible for daily planning and administration of company operations, such as executive officers.
• Stakeholders: can be internal (e.g., lower levels of management) or external (e.g., regulators, investors, business partners, IT vendors).

Components used for Development of COBIT 2019 Foundation

• Six principles for a governance system
• Three principles for a governance framework
• Other standards and regulations
• Community contribution

Governance System Principles under COBIT 2019

• Provide Stakeholder Value
• Holistic Approach
• Dynamic Governance System
• Governance Distinct From Management
• Tailored to Enterprise Needs
• End-to-End Governance System

COBIT 2019 Core Model Components

• Processes
• Organizational Structures
• Principles, Policies, Frameworks
• Information
• Culture, Ethics, and Behavior
• People, Skills, and Competencies
• Services, Infrastructure, and Applications

Design Factors to Consider under COBIT

• Enterprise Strategy
• Enterprise Goals
• Risk Profile
• Information and Technology Issues
• Threat Landscape
• Compliance Requirements
• Role of IT
• Sourcing Model for IT
• IT Implementation Methods
• Technology Adoption Strategy
• Enterprise Size

Governance and Management Objectives according to COBIT 2019

• Governance Objectives: Evaluate, Direct, and Monitor (EDM)
• Management Objectives:
  • Align, Plan, and Organize (APO)
  • Build, Acquire, and Implement (BAI)
  • Deliver, Service, and Support (DSS)
  • Monitor, Evaluate, and Assess (MEA)

This quiz assesses your understanding of the National Institute of Standards and Technology's (NIST) Cybersecurity Framework, specifically the three primary components to manage cybersecurity risk.