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Questions and Answers
What term describes the sum of all forces acting on an object, considering both magnitude and direction?
What term describes the sum of all forces acting on an object, considering both magnitude and direction?
- Tension Force
- Net Force (correct)
- Applied Force
- Gravitational Force
Which type of force is primarily responsible for holding the protons and neutrons together within the nucleus of an atom?
Which type of force is primarily responsible for holding the protons and neutrons together within the nucleus of an atom?
- Weak Nuclear Force
- Gravitational Force
- Strong Nuclear Force (correct)
- Electromagnetic Force
What distinguishes electromagnetic force from gravitational force?
What distinguishes electromagnetic force from gravitational force?
- Electromagnetic force acts on masses, while gravitational force acts on charged particles.
- There is no difference; both are fundamental forces acting on all matter.
- Electromagnetic force only attracts, while gravitational force repels.
- Electromagnetic force acts on charged particles and can both attract and repel, while gravitational force acts on masses and only attracts. (correct)
How does increasing the mass of an object affect its weight on Earth, assuming gravity remains constant?
How does increasing the mass of an object affect its weight on Earth, assuming gravity remains constant?
An object is moved from Earth to the Moon. Which of the following statements is true regarding its mass and weight?
An object is moved from Earth to the Moon. Which of the following statements is true regarding its mass and weight?
A box is at rest on an inclined plane. Which type of friction primarily prevents the box from sliding down the plane?
A box is at rest on an inclined plane. Which type of friction primarily prevents the box from sliding down the plane?
In the context of forces, what is the significance of a 'free body diagram'?
In the context of forces, what is the significance of a 'free body diagram'?
When constructing a free body diagram, how does the length of an arrow representing a force relate to the magnitude of that force?
When constructing a free body diagram, how does the length of an arrow representing a force relate to the magnitude of that force?
A crane lifts a heavy steel beam. In a free body diagram of the beam, which force would be represented by an arrow pointing upwards?
A crane lifts a heavy steel beam. In a free body diagram of the beam, which force would be represented by an arrow pointing upwards?
According to Newton's First Law, what will happen to a hockey puck sliding on perfectly smooth ice (no friction) if no additional force acts upon it?
According to Newton's First Law, what will happen to a hockey puck sliding on perfectly smooth ice (no friction) if no additional force acts upon it?
Why do passengers in a car tend to lean forward when the car suddenly brakes?
Why do passengers in a car tend to lean forward when the car suddenly brakes?
A magician pulls a tablecloth out from under a table full of dishes, and the dishes remain mostly in place. Which of Newton's Laws explains this phenomenon?
A magician pulls a tablecloth out from under a table full of dishes, and the dishes remain mostly in place. Which of Newton's Laws explains this phenomenon?
According to Newton's Second Law of Motion, what is the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration?
According to Newton's Second Law of Motion, what is the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration?
If the net force acting on an object is doubled, what happens to the object's acceleration, assuming its mass remains constant?
If the net force acting on an object is doubled, what happens to the object's acceleration, assuming its mass remains constant?
An object with a mass of 5 kg is subjected to a force of 10 N. What is the object's acceleration?
An object with a mass of 5 kg is subjected to a force of 10 N. What is the object's acceleration?
A car accelerates from rest to 20 m/s in 5 seconds. If the car's mass is 1500 kg, what is the net force acting on it?
A car accelerates from rest to 20 m/s in 5 seconds. If the car's mass is 1500 kg, what is the net force acting on it?
According to Newton's Third Law, when you push against a wall, the wall:
According to Newton's Third Law, when you push against a wall, the wall:
A rocket propels itself forward by expelling hot gases out of its engine. Which of Newton's Laws best explains this?
A rocket propels itself forward by expelling hot gases out of its engine. Which of Newton's Laws best explains this?
Why does a balloon move forward when air is released in the opposite direction?
Why does a balloon move forward when air is released in the opposite direction?
What is the relationship between the force exerted by an object and the force exerted back on it, according to Newton's Third Law?
What is the relationship between the force exerted by an object and the force exerted back on it, according to Newton's Third Law?
Lynne has a mass of 100 kg. What is her weight on Earth where gravity is approximately 9.8 m/s²?
Lynne has a mass of 100 kg. What is her weight on Earth where gravity is approximately 9.8 m/s²?
Lynne has a mass of 100 kg. What would be a way for her to decrease her weight without exercise?
Lynne has a mass of 100 kg. What would be a way for her to decrease her weight without exercise?
What is the type of friction called that refers to the resistance of motion between two materials in contact?
What is the type of friction called that refers to the resistance of motion between two materials in contact?
Which of the following statements align with the properties of inertia?
Which of the following statements align with the properties of inertia?
An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an outside force. What does this describe?
An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an outside force. What does this describe?
Seatbelts and airbags are safety features in vechiles. Which law of motion do these align with?
Seatbelts and airbags are safety features in vechiles. Which law of motion do these align with?
Which of the following is the formula for Newton's Second Law of Motion?
Which of the following is the formula for Newton's Second Law of Motion?
Which statement explains why an object will accelerate faster if a smaller quantity of mass is applied?
Which statement explains why an object will accelerate faster if a smaller quantity of mass is applied?
If an object is accelerating, the relationship between force and mass depends on this law?
If an object is accelerating, the relationship between force and mass depends on this law?
Which of the following is an example of Newton's Third Law of Motion?
Which of the following is an example of Newton's Third Law of Motion?
Newton's Third Law of Motion refers to:
Newton's Third Law of Motion refers to:
What is the term used to describe the attraction between objects?
What is the term used to describe the attraction between objects?
How does a free body diagram indicate its strength relation to any directed force?
How does a free body diagram indicate its strength relation to any directed force?
Newton's analysis was summarized into how many laws of motion?
Newton's analysis was summarized into how many laws of motion?
A person pushing the wall is an example of:
A person pushing the wall is an example of:
The hot gas pushes the gas outside the bottom part of the rocket, and in turn the outside gas pushes the hot gas which allows the rocket ship to move upward. This demostrates the properties of:
The hot gas pushes the gas outside the bottom part of the rocket, and in turn the outside gas pushes the hot gas which allows the rocket ship to move upward. This demostrates the properties of:
Identify the quantity of matter that refers to Mass:
Identify the quantity of matter that refers to Mass:
Identify the quantity that refers to Gravity:
Identify the quantity that refers to Gravity:
Identify the quantity that refers to Force:
Identify the quantity that refers to Force:
Flashcards
What is Force?
What is Force?
A push or pull exerted by one object on another.
What is Weight?
What is Weight?
The force on a body due to gravity.
What is Mass?
What is Mass?
The quantity of matter that a body contains.
What is Gravity?
What is Gravity?
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What is Motion?
What is Motion?
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What is Net Force?
What is Net Force?
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What is Strong Nuclear Force?
What is Strong Nuclear Force?
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What is Electromagnetic Force?
What is Electromagnetic Force?
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What is Gravitational Force?
What is Gravitational Force?
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What is Inertia?
What is Inertia?
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What is Newton's First Law?
What is Newton's First Law?
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What is Newton's Second Law?
What is Newton's Second Law?
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What is Newton's Third Law?
What is Newton's Third Law?
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What is Free Body Diagram?
What is Free Body Diagram?
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What is friction?
What is friction?
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Study Notes
- Newton's Laws of Motion consist of:
- Law of Inertia
- Law of Acceleration
- Law of Interaction
Unlocking Terms
- Force is a push or pull exerted by one body on another.
- Weight is the force on a body due to gravity.
- Mass is the quantity of matter that a body contains.
- Gravity is the force that attracts a body to the center of the Earth.
- Motion is the change in position of an object in a given interval of time.
Types of Forces
- Force is a vector quantity.
- Net Force is the sum of all forces acting on a body, considering magnitude and direction.
- Net Force = 2N + 2N + 2N + 2N = 8N example
- Strong Nuclear Force is an attractive force that holds protons and neutrons together in the nucleus of an atom.
- Weak Nuclear Force plays a role in radioactive decay of some nuclei.
- Electromagnetic Force can be attractive or repulsive between charged bodies.
- Gravitational Force is the force of attraction between objects by virtue of their masses.
- Contact Force
- Noncontact Force
Relationship between Mass and Weight
- The relationship between mass and weight is expressed by the formula:
- w = mg
- w = weight
- m = mass
- g = gravity
- Earth's gravity is ≈ 9.8 m/s²
- Moon's gravity is ≈ 1.62 m/s²
Mass and Weight Examples
- Lynne with a mass of 100 kg on Earth calculates as:
- Weight using w = mg
- w = (100 kg) * (9.8 m/s²)
- = 980 kg⋅m/s²
- A piece of equipment weighing 539 N on Earth and 209 N on Mars allows for calculations of:
- Acceleration due to gravity on Mars
- 539 N = m * (9.8 m/s²)
- mass = 55 kg
- Then on Mars: 209 N = (55 kg) * g
- g = 3.8 m/s²
Types of Friction
- Friction refers to the resistance to motion between two materials in contact.
- Types of friction include:
- Static Friction
- Kinetic Friction
- Rolling Friction
- Fluid Friction / drag force
Forces and Diagrams
- FN = Normal Force resulting from two surfaces pressing against each other.
- Fa = Applied Force; a force from a person pushing or pulling an object.
- Fg = Gravitational Force, which is always present.
- Ff = Friction Force from two surfaces sliding across each other.
- Ftens = Tension Force from string, rope, wire, cable, etc.
- Fspring = Spring Force from compressed/stretched string.
- Fair = Air Resistance on objects moving through surrounding air.
Free Body Diagrams
- Procedure:
- Determine if a planet, charge, or magnet is nearby; if so, there is gravitational, electrical, or magnetic force.
- Determine if anything is touching the object; if so, there is tension, spring, friction, air resistance, normal, or applied force.
- Draw arrows representing each force in the direction it acts.
- Label each arrow to indicate the type of force.
- Size the arrows relative to indicate the strength of the force.
- A longer arrow indicates a stronger force.
Law of Inertia
- An object at rest stays at rest, and an object in motion stays in motion with constant velocity, unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
- Inertia is a property of a body that resists changes in its state of motion.
- Mass is a measure of inertia.
- Greater mass means greater inertia.
Law of Acceleration
- When a net force acts on a body it accelerates in the direction of the force
- Mathematically, the second law of motion can be written as:
- F = ma
- Where acceleration is directly proportional to the force and inversely proportional to the mass of the object
Law of Interaction
- When body A exerts a force on body B, body B exerts an equal but oppositely directed force on body A.
- For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
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