News and Journalism: Crafting an Effective Lead
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Questions and Answers

Which scenario exemplifies disinformation?

  • A journalist publishes a retraction after discovering an error in their reporting.
  • A government agency releases manipulated data to justify a policy change. (correct)
  • A blogger unintentionally shares an unverified rumor about a celebrity.
  • A social media user shares a satirical article, unaware that it's fictional.

A website publishes a completely fabricated story about a political candidate to influence an upcoming election. What type of content is this?

  • Satire
  • Misinformation
  • Fake News (correct)
  • Disinformation

How does misinformation differ primarily from disinformation?

  • Misinformation is shared through social media, while disinformation is spread through traditional media.
  • Misinformation is easily identifiable as false, while disinformation is presented as factual.
  • Misinformation is unintentionally spread, while disinformation is deliberately created to deceive. (correct)
  • Misinformation relies on emotional appeals, while disinformation uses logical arguments.

Which of the following actions would be most effective in combating the spread of misinformation?

<p>Promoting critical thinking skills and media literacy among the public. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the these actions is a characteristic of disinformation campaigns?

<p>Creating and spreading false narratives to manipulate public opinion. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the primary function of journalism in a society?

<p>To provide accurate, unbiased information and hold those in power accountable. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A journalist is investigating a potential scandal involving a local politician. Which activity exemplifies their journalistic role?

<p>Gathering evidence, interviewing witnesses, and presenting a balanced report. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which reporting style prioritizes delivering the most critical facts at the beginning of a news story?

<p>Inverted pyramid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is writing a strong lead important in news reporting?

<p>It captures the reader's attention and encourages them to continue reading. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is understanding the inverted pyramid structure important for high school journalism students?

<p>It enables them to quickly convey essential information to readers. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following characteristics is associated with Ed Bradley's journalism career?

<p>Dedicated to investigative and impactful reporting. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A news report states, 'The city council debated the proposed budget yesterday.' Which revision uses a more active voice?

<p>Yesterday, the city council proposed the budget during their meeting. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant accomplishment of Ed Bradley that paved the way for other journalists?

<p>Achieving recognition as a prominent African American journalist. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which element is most crucial for inclusion in the lead of a news story?

<p>The 5 W's: who, what, when, where, and why. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which approach would best exemplify 'showing, not telling' in a news story about a flood?

<p>Describing the water's color, the sounds of debris, and the reactions of people affected. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the likely content of a news story written in the inverted pyramid style?

<p>The most important facts appear in the opening paragraphs. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'who, what, when, where, and why' represent in the context of the inverted pyramid style?

<p>The most crucial information that should be at the beginning of the story. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a journalist is preparing a story for an audience of financial professionals, which approach would be most effective?

<p>Using technical jargon and complex financial terms without explanation. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred about Ed Bradley's approach to journalism based on his coverage of diverse topics?

<p>He had a versatile skill set and broad range of interests. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What made Ed Bradley's profile of Lena Horne ('Lena', 1981) particularly noteworthy?

<p>It offered a sensitive and in-depth portrayal of an influential artist. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How might a journalist use the inverted pyramid structure to report on a political protest?

<p>By leading with the number of arrests made and the reason for the protest. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Fake News

Fabricated info designed to look like real news, intentionally misleading.

Misinformation

False or inaccurate information spread unintentionally due to mistakes or misunderstandings.

Disinformation

False information deliberately created to deceive or mislead.

Disinformation campaigns

The intentional creation and dissemination of false information to deceive.

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Fake news (umbrella term)

Umbrella term that refers to both misinformation and disinformation.

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News

Reporting current events of public interest.

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Journalism

Gathering, assessing, and presenting news.

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Journalism's primary goal

To inform citizens and hold power accountable

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Strong Lead

To capture audience attention and encourage reading.

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Effective Lead

Intrigue, question, or vivid description.

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Concise Lead

Get to the main point quickly.

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The 5 W's

Who, what, when, where, and why.

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Active Voice

Makes writing more engaging and direct.

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Who was Ed Bradley?

American broadcast journalist, best known for 25 years on 60 Minutes.

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In the Belly of the Beast (1982)

An exploration of the life of author and accused murderer Jack Henry Abbott

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Larry (1983)

A profile of actor Laurence Olivier, providing insight into the life and career of a legendary performer.

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Dirty Little Secret (1984)

An investigation into the story of an abused man who killed his father, shedding light on the realities of abuse and its consequences.

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Inverted Pyramid

Journalistic style placing the most crucial info (who, what, when, where, why) at the beginning.

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Purpose of Inverted Pyramid

To give the reader the most important information right away

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5 W's

The most important information: Who, What, When, Where, and Why

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Ed Bradley Early Career

Started as volunteer at a local Philadelphia radio station while attending Cheyney State College

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Study Notes

  • News is the reporting of current events that are of interest to the general public.
  • News provides accurate, unbiased, and timely information on various topics.
  • Journalism involves gathering, assessing, creating, and presenting news and information.
  • Journalists investigate, research, and report on events, issues, and trends to provide context and analysis.
  • Journalism serves as a watchdog on those in power and aims to serve the public interest by informing citizens and holding the powerful accountable.
  • News refers to the information being reported.
  • Journalism is the practice of investigating, reporting, and presenting that information.

Crafting an Effective Lead

  • Grab the reader's attention with an intriguing fact, a provocative question, or a vivid description.
  • Be concise and get to the point quickly; a lead should typically be one sentence or a short paragraph.
  • Include the 5 W's (who, what, when, where, and why) whenever possible to provide essential information up front.
  • Use active voice to make writing more engaging and direct.
  • Use descriptive language and sensory details to create a vivid mental image for readers.
  • Write with your audience in mind and tailor your lead to their interests and level of understanding.

Ed Bradley

  • Radio volunteer for Philadelphia radio station
  • Joined CBS News become becoming face of 60 minutes
  • Born Edward Rudolph Bradley Jr. on June 22, 1941, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
  • Best known for his 25 year career with televised newsmagazine 60 Minutes
  • Died November 9, 2006, in New York City, at the age of 65, due to leukemia
  • Pioneered the way for African American Journalists
  • Bradley's work was diverse and impactful, touching on a variety of topics and issues

Ed Bradley's most pivotal stories:

  • "Lena" (1981): A singer Lena Horne profile
  • "In the Belly of the Beast" (1982): Jack Henry Abbott, an author and accused murderer exploration
  • "Larry" (1983): Actor Laurence Olivier profile
  • "Dirty Little Secret" (1984): An abused man who killed his father investigation
  • Included coverage of the Vietnam War and presidential campaigns

Inverted Pyramid

  • The inverted pyramid is a way of writing news stories that journalists often use
  • The most important information goes at the very beginning of the story
  • Includes the who, what, when, where, and why of the story
  • As the story continues, the information becomes less important
  • If someone only reads the first few sentences, they still get the main idea

Fake news, misinformation, and disinformation:

  • Key differences include:
  • Fake News: Fabricated information designed to look like legitimate news coverage, and intentionally misleading
  • Misinformation: False or inaccurate information spread unintentionally
  • Disinformation: False information deliberately created and disseminated to deceive or mislead.

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Journalism Guide PDF

Description

Explore the basics of news and journalism, emphasizing the importance of crafting an effective lead. Learn how to grab the reader's attention, be concise, and include the essential 5 W's.

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