Newborn Vitamin K Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary source of phylloquinone, a form of vitamin K?

  • Kale (correct)
  • Olive oil
  • Spinach
  • Broccoli

Which form of vitamin K is produced by gut microbiota?

  • Synthetic form
  • Phylloquinone
  • Menadiol
  • Menaquinone (correct)

What deficiency can result from limited stores of vitamin K at birth and insufficient intake from breast milk?

  • Vitamin E deficiency
  • Vitamin D deficiency
  • Vitamin A deficiency
  • Vitamin K deficiency-related bleeding (VKDB) (correct)

What is the main source of menaquinone (Vitamin K2)?

<p>Synthesized by intestinal bacteria (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is phylloquinone (Vitamin K1) absorbed in the body?

<p>Absorbed in small intestine in micelles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of Vitamin K in blood clotting?

<p>Activates clotting factors and converts prothrombin to thrombin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can result from Vitamin K deficiency in newborn infants?

<p>Uncontrolled internal bleeding (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is Vitamin K related to bone formation?

<p>Aids in the synthesis of osteocalcin and helps skeletal proteins to bind calcium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended approach to prevent Vitamin K deficiency in newborn infants?

<p>Administering a single dose of Vitamin K at birth (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential risk associated with high doses of Vitamin K?

<p>Reduced effectiveness of anticoagulant drugs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Vitamin K in carboxylation?

<p>Acts as a cofactor in the carboxylation of glutamate residues (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which food item is the richest source of Vitamin K based on the provided information?

<p>Kale, raw 1 cup (chopped) 547 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the synthetic form of Vitamin K called?

<p>Menadiol (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of phylloquinone, a form of vitamin K?

<p>Kale, raw 1 cup (chopped) 547 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of menaquinone (Vitamin K2)?

<p>Synthesized by intestinal bacteria (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is phylloquinone (Vitamin K1) absorbed in the body?

<p>Absorbed in small intestine in micelles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of Vitamin K in blood clotting?

<p>Activates clotting factors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can result from Vitamin K deficiency in newborn infants?

<p>Uncontrolled internal bleeding (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is Vitamin K related to bone formation?

<p>Effects bone mineralization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What deficiency can result from limited stores of vitamin K at birth and insufficient intake from breast milk?

<p>Vitamin K Deficiency Bleeding (VKDB) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential risk associated with high doses of Vitamin K?

<p>Can reduce effectiveness of anticoagulant drugs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended approach to prevent Vitamin K deficiency in newborn infants?

<p>Administering a single dose of vitamin K at birth (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula to calculate the α-tocopherol equivalents?

<p>mg \ α-tocopherol + 0.5 \times mg \ β-tocopherol + 0.1 \times mg \ γ-tocopherol + 0.3 \times mg \ α-tocotrienol (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the α-tocopherol equivalent content of 1 ounce of hazelnuts?

<p>4.3 mg (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the α-tocopherol content in 1 tablespoon of safflower oil?

<p>4.6 mg (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which food item has the highest combined content of α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol per tablespoon?

<p>Sunflower oil (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the α-tocopherol equivalent content of 1 tablespoon of corn oil?

<p>9.1 mg (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the total α-tocopherol equivalent content of 1 ounce of almonds?

<p>7.6 mg (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the combined content of α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol in 1 tablespoon of soybean oil?

<p>11.2 mg (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the α-tocopherol equivalent content of 1 ounce of peanuts?

<p>3.0 mg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the α-tocopherol equivalent content of ½ cup of raw chopped carrots?

<p>2.8 mg (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the combined content of α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol in 1 tablespoon of sunflower oil?

<p>6.3 mg (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the α-tocopherol equivalent content of ½ cup of raw spinach?

<p>0.6 mg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of dietary antioxidants in humans?

<p>To significantly decrease the adverse effects of reactive species on normal physiological function (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of Vitamin E in the body?

<p>To limit radical damage from oxidation of PUFAs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential effect of high levels of free radicals in the body?

<p>Damage to cells, contributing to cellular dysfunction and disease (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the association between high blood concentrations of vitamin E and cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence?

<p>Epidemiology studies show a clear association between high blood concentrations of vitamin E and lower incidence of CVD (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What has been the outcome of randomized controlled trials with high dose vitamin E supplements?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the body's defense mechanisms against free radicals?

<p>Antioxidant vitamins, cofactors, and enzymes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Vitamin C in the metabolism of Vitamin E radical?

<p>To reduce Vitamin E radical back to tocopherol (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential consequence of low antioxidant intake in the diet?

<p>Oxidative stress and increased disease risk (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the examples of diseases that may result from high levels of free radicals?

<p>Cancer, cardiovascular disease, cataracts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of VLDL in relation to Vitamin E absorption and metabolism?

<p>Transports Vitamin E to other tissues (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of free radicals on cell membranes, DNA, and RNA?

<p>Damage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential risk associated with high doses of Vitamin E supplements?

<p>Increased health risks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Phylloquinone source

Kale is a significant source of phylloquinone (Vitamin K1).

Menaquinone source

Menaquinone (Vitamin K2) is produced by gut bacteria.

VKDB cause

Limited vitamin K at birth and insufficient breast milk intake can lead to Vitamin K Deficiency Bleeding (VKDB) in newborns.

Vitamin K2 absorption

Vitamin K2 is synthesized by bacteria in your intestines.

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Vitamin K1 absorption

Phylloquinone (Vitamin K1) is absorbed in the small intestine in micelles.

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Vitamin K's role in clotting

Vitamin K activates clotting factors and converts prothrombin to thrombin, crucial for blood clotting.

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Newborn Vitamin K deficiency effect

Vitamin K deficiency in newborns can cause uncontrolled internal bleeding.

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Vitamin K and bone formation

Vitamin K aids in the synthesis of osteocalcin, helping skeletal proteins bind calcium for strong bones.

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Vitamin K newborn prevention

A single dose of vitamin K at birth is recommended to prevent deficiencies.

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High Vitamin K risk

High doses of Vitamin K can reduce the effectiveness of anticoagulant drugs.

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Vitamin K and carboxylation

Vitamin K acts as a cofactor in the carboxylation of glutamate residues.

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Vitamin K source (rich)

Kale, raw 1 cup (chopped) is a rich source of Vitamin K.

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Synthetic Vitamin K

Menadiol is the synthetic form of Vitamin K.

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Vitamin K sources (Bacteria)

Vitamin K2 is primarily synthesized by intestinal bacteria.

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Vitamin K1 absorption location

Phylloquinone is absorbed in the micelles of the small intestine.

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Vitamin K role in blood clot formation

Vitamin K activates proteins that make clots to prevent bleeding.

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Vitamin K's role in bone health

Vitamin K helps build strong bones.

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Vitamin K deficiency effect in newborns

Bleeding problems can arise due to Vitamin K deficiency in newborn infants.

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Vitamin K's impact on bone mineralization

Vitamin K is vital for proper calcium bonding in bone.

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Vitamin E equivalent formula

The formula to calculate Vitamin E equivalents (α-tocopherol equivalents) is: mg α-tocopherol + 0.5 x mg β-tocopherol + 0.1 x mg γ-tocopherol + 0.3 x mg α-tocotrienol.

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Antioxidant function

Antioxidants significantly decrease reactive species' harmful effects on the body.

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