Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary population affected by Sickle Cell Disease?
What is the primary population affected by Sickle Cell Disease?
What disorder is characterized by an inability to process certain amino acids and has a maple syrup odor in urine?
What disorder is characterized by an inability to process certain amino acids and has a maple syrup odor in urine?
What is one of the potential risks associated with untreated Sickle Cell Disease?
What is one of the potential risks associated with untreated Sickle Cell Disease?
At what age does the crawling reflex in newborns typically disappear?
At what age does the crawling reflex in newborns typically disappear?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a consequence of untreated Maple Syrup Urine Disease?
What is a consequence of untreated Maple Syrup Urine Disease?
Signup and view all the answers
What percentage of births does Sickle Cell Disease occur in Hispanic Americans?
What percentage of births does Sickle Cell Disease occur in Hispanic Americans?
Signup and view all the answers
How does Homocystinuria primarily affect individuals?
How does Homocystinuria primarily affect individuals?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a common treatment goal for individuals diagnosed with Sickle Cell Disease?
What is a common treatment goal for individuals diagnosed with Sickle Cell Disease?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the normal range for a newborn's heart rate?
What is the normal range for a newborn's heart rate?
Signup and view all the answers
Which term describes a newborn with a birth weight less than 10% for their gestational age?
Which term describes a newborn with a birth weight less than 10% for their gestational age?
Signup and view all the answers
At what gestational age is a newborn considered Full Term?
At what gestational age is a newborn considered Full Term?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the normal respiration rate for a newborn?
What is the normal respiration rate for a newborn?
Signup and view all the answers
What physical characteristic is typically seen in term newborns due to increased red blood cell concentration?
What physical characteristic is typically seen in term newborns due to increased red blood cell concentration?
Signup and view all the answers
What classification applies to a newborn with a birth weight between the 10th and 90th percentiles?
What classification applies to a newborn with a birth weight between the 10th and 90th percentiles?
Signup and view all the answers
What is indicated by peripheral cyanosis in a newborn?
What is indicated by peripheral cyanosis in a newborn?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the typical crown to heel length range for term newborns?
What is the typical crown to heel length range for term newborns?
Signup and view all the answers
What might an infant with a single palmar crease indicate?
What might an infant with a single palmar crease indicate?
Signup and view all the answers
What condition is indicated by the presence of one or both undescended testicles in males?
What condition is indicated by the presence of one or both undescended testicles in males?
Signup and view all the answers
How are the sole creases in a full-term newborn typically described?
How are the sole creases in a full-term newborn typically described?
Signup and view all the answers
What does the presence of deep creases over the foot indicate in a post-mature infant?
What does the presence of deep creases over the foot indicate in a post-mature infant?
Signup and view all the answers
What happens to mucous vaginal secretion in female newborns after hormone clearance?
What happens to mucous vaginal secretion in female newborns after hormone clearance?
Signup and view all the answers
When does the Moro reflex typically disappear in infants?
When does the Moro reflex typically disappear in infants?
Signup and view all the answers
What condition is characterized by labia majora fully covering labia minora in female newborns?
What condition is characterized by labia majora fully covering labia minora in female newborns?
Signup and view all the answers
What might be indicated if an infant has a partial sole crease covering the upper two-thirds?
What might be indicated if an infant has a partial sole crease covering the upper two-thirds?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a key characteristic of the Doll’s Eye reflex in infants?
What is a key characteristic of the Doll’s Eye reflex in infants?
Signup and view all the answers
What is indicated by one artery being present in the umbilical cord?
What is indicated by one artery being present in the umbilical cord?
Signup and view all the answers
What triggers the gag reflex in infants?
What triggers the gag reflex in infants?
Signup and view all the answers
Which reflex disappears by 2 months of age?
Which reflex disappears by 2 months of age?
Signup and view all the answers
What reflex should disappear by 12 months of age?
What reflex should disappear by 12 months of age?
Signup and view all the answers
At what gestational age is the Puppillary Reflex fully established?
At what gestational age is the Puppillary Reflex fully established?
Signup and view all the answers
Which reflex involves the infant grasping an examiner's finger?
Which reflex involves the infant grasping an examiner's finger?
Signup and view all the answers
What physiological response occurs during the yawn reflex in infants?
What physiological response occurs during the yawn reflex in infants?
Signup and view all the answers
At what age should a newborn's screening test ideally be performed after delivery?
At what age should a newborn's screening test ideally be performed after delivery?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the maximum age a newborn in the ICU can be tested for screening?
What is the maximum age a newborn in the ICU can be tested for screening?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the response of an infant during the Extrusion Reflex?
What is the response of an infant during the Extrusion Reflex?
Signup and view all the answers
What condition involves the head held to one side with the chin pointing to the opposite side?
What condition involves the head held to one side with the chin pointing to the opposite side?
Signup and view all the answers
Which activity should be done to correct torticollis positioning?
Which activity should be done to correct torticollis positioning?
Signup and view all the answers
If an infant is discharged before 24 hours of age, what must be done?
If an infant is discharged before 24 hours of age, what must be done?
Signup and view all the answers
How is the Babinski reflex elicited in infants?
How is the Babinski reflex elicited in infants?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the time frame for collecting a newborn screening test specimen after birth?
What is the time frame for collecting a newborn screening test specimen after birth?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Newborn Screening and Health
- Importance of repeat testing for newborns before one week of age to ensure accurate health assessment.
- Sickle Cell Disease is an inherited disorder prevalent in African Americans, Hispanics, and Native Americans, leading to anemia and complications.
- Affects 1 in 365 African American births; early diagnosis can mitigate risks of severe infections, blood clots, and stroke.
Inherited Disorders
- Homocystinuria occurs in 1 in 200,000 individuals, causing intellectual disability and blood clots due to amino acid processing issues.
- Maple Syrup Urine Disease commonly found in Mennonite populations, dangerous if untreated in the first two weeks, characterized by sweet-smelling urine.
Vital Signs in Newborns
- Normal respiratory rate: 40-60 breaths/min.
- Normal heart rate: 120-140 beats/min.
- Normal body temperature: 36.5-37.5°C.
Newborn Characteristics
- Skin color changes: Ruddy complexion in term newborns due to increased red blood cell concentration, fading over the first month.
- Peripheral cyanosis is common due to immature circulation.
Growth Percentiles
- Small for Gestational Age (SGA): less than 10% for weight.
- Large for Gestational Age (LGA): more than 90% for weight.
- Appropriate for Gestational Age (AGA): between 10-90% for weight.
Reflexes in Newborns
- Crawling Reflex: Disappears at 6 weeks; indicates readiness for movement.
- Moro Reflex: Head turning response to stimuli; persists throughout life.
- Gag Reflex: Elicited by touch in the throat; protects airway.
- Extrusion Reflex: Infants push food out with their tongue; disappears by 4 months.
- Babinski Reflex: The flexion of toes when the sole of the foot is stimulated; disappears by 12 months.
Anatomical Observations
- Male genitalia: Scrotum is pendulous, presence of undescended testicles (cryptorchidism) warrants further evaluation.
- Female genitalia: Labia majora covers labia minora, with possible mucous discharge post-birth.
- Sole creases in babies indicating gestational age; full-term babies have extensive creases.
Newborn Screening Act of 2004
- Screening tests must occur within 24-48 hours after birth, with testing in the ICU required to be completed by seven days of age.
- Specimens must be collected before hospital discharge if under 24 hours old.
Additional Reflexes and Responses
- Sneezing, Glabellar reflex, and Yawning: Responses to stimulation, generally persisting throughout life.
- Torticollis (Wry Neck) may develop due to positioning in the womb, requires gentle stretching exercises.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
Test your knowledge on the critical aspects of newborn screening and the health conditions that affect infants. This quiz covers the importance of early testing, inherited disorders, vital signs, and characteristics of newborns. Ensure you are well-informed about common issues such as Sickle Cell Disease and Homocystinuria.
