Podcast
Questions and Answers
What reflex causes a newborn to turn their head toward a touch on their cheek?
What reflex causes a newborn to turn their head toward a touch on their cheek?
Which stage in Piaget’s theory involves children beginning to use symbols but lacking logical reasoning?
Which stage in Piaget’s theory involves children beginning to use symbols but lacking logical reasoning?
What is known as the startle reflex, triggered by sudden noise or movement?
What is known as the startle reflex, triggered by sudden noise or movement?
In which type of team do professionals collaborate to develop integrated goals while maintaining separate evaluations?
In which type of team do professionals collaborate to develop integrated goals while maintaining separate evaluations?
Signup and view all the answers
Which gesture type involves directing attention to an object or location in the environment?
Which gesture type involves directing attention to an object or location in the environment?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the main characteristic of established risk in developmental terms?
What is the main characteristic of established risk in developmental terms?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a key aspect of the formal operational stage in Piaget's theory?
What is a key aspect of the formal operational stage in Piaget's theory?
Signup and view all the answers
What reflex involves the baby closing their hand around an object placed in their palm?
What reflex involves the baby closing their hand around an object placed in their palm?
Signup and view all the answers
What does the REEL-4 primarily assess in children?
What does the REEL-4 primarily assess in children?
Signup and view all the answers
Which age range does the PLS-5 cover for language assessment?
Which age range does the PLS-5 cover for language assessment?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary focus of the BDI-3 regarding child evaluation?
What is the primary focus of the BDI-3 regarding child evaluation?
Signup and view all the answers
In a blended approach to language intervention, what is combined?
In a blended approach to language intervention, what is combined?
Signup and view all the answers
Which strategy helps foster joint attention with a child?
Which strategy helps foster joint attention with a child?
Signup and view all the answers
How can caregivers model language effectively according to the Hanen Program?
How can caregivers model language effectively according to the Hanen Program?
Signup and view all the answers
What characteristic defines Child-Directed Speech (CDS)?
What characteristic defines Child-Directed Speech (CDS)?
Signup and view all the answers
What is an important aspect of active listening in responsiveness?
What is an important aspect of active listening in responsiveness?
Signup and view all the answers
At what age do children typically start using representational gestures?
At what age do children typically start using representational gestures?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a characteristic of emblem gestures?
What is a characteristic of emblem gestures?
Signup and view all the answers
Which milestone indicates a child may be experiencing a language delay after 20 months?
Which milestone indicates a child may be experiencing a language delay after 20 months?
Signup and view all the answers
During which stage of communication do children begin using gestures and vocalizations intentionally?
During which stage of communication do children begin using gestures and vocalizations intentionally?
Signup and view all the answers
What communication form includes cooing, babbling, and gestures before spoken words?
What communication form includes cooing, babbling, and gestures before spoken words?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of these assessments is used to evaluate developmental abilities in children from birth to 5 years?
Which of these assessments is used to evaluate developmental abilities in children from birth to 5 years?
Signup and view all the answers
Children with which condition are frequently delayed in pointing?
Children with which condition are frequently delayed in pointing?
Signup and view all the answers
What aspect of gesture use is notably limited in toddlers with a variety of disabilities?
What aspect of gesture use is notably limited in toddlers with a variety of disabilities?
Signup and view all the answers
What does a lack of combining gestures with gaze and vocalization indicate?
What does a lack of combining gestures with gaze and vocalization indicate?
Signup and view all the answers
Which vocabulary milestone is expected at age 2?
Which vocabulary milestone is expected at age 2?
Signup and view all the answers
In the multidisciplinary team model, how do professionals work?
In the multidisciplinary team model, how do professionals work?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of these is an example of a representational gesture?
Which of these is an example of a representational gesture?
Signup and view all the answers
At what age do children typically start to identify familiar people and things?
At what age do children typically start to identify familiar people and things?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Newborn Reflexes
- Root Reflex: Newborn turns head toward touch on cheek, aiding feeding.
- Suck Reflex: Sucking motion triggered by touch on roof of mouth.
- Moro Reflex: Startle reflex; baby extends arms, arches back, then brings arms together.
- Tonic Neck Reflex ("Fencing Position"): When head turns, arm on that side extends, opposite arm bends.
- Grasp Reflex: Baby closes hand around object in palm.
- Babinski Reflex: Stroke of foot sole causes big toe to move up and other toes to fan out.
Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
- Sensorimotor (Birth-2 years): Infants explore through senses & actions, develop object permanence.
- Preoperational (2-7 years): Use symbols (words, images), lack logical reasoning.
- Concrete Operational (7-11 years): Develop logical thinking about concrete events; understand conservation & classification.
- Formal Operational (12+ years): Develop abstract reasoning & hypothetical thinking.
Teams in Early Childhood Intervention
- Multidisciplinary: Professionals work independently, limited collaboration, focus on their expertise.
- Interdisciplinary: Collaboration on integrated goals, maintain separate evaluations & services.
- Transdisciplinary: Shared roles, expertise; often one primary provider implements strategies across disciplines.
Established Risk vs. At-Risk Children
- Established Risk: Diagnosed medical condition (prematurity, Down syndrome, hearing loss) high probability of developmental delay.
- At-Risk: Susceptible to delay; based on family history, environment; potential signs later.
Gestures: Timeline and Types
- Deictic Gestures (8-12 months): Indicate objects, events, or locations; request or show interest (e.g., pointing, showing, giving).
- Representational Gestures (12-16 months): Represent specific meanings or actions, visually similar (e.g., iconic gestures).
- Emblem Gestures (24-27 months): Conventional gestures with culturally specific meanings (e.g., high five, thumbs up).
- Beat Gestures (24+ months): Emphasize or give rhythm to speech without specific meaning.
Stages of Communication
- Perlocutionary (Birth-8 months): Pre-intentional; caregivers interpret behaviors as meaningful.
- Illocutionary (8-12 months): Intentional communication through gestures, vocalizations, and gaze.
- Locutionary (12-18 months): Use of words to communicate, often paired with gestures.
Prelinguistic vs. Linguistic Communication
- Prelinguistic: Communication before spoken words; cooing, babbling, gestures.
- Linguistic: Communication using spoken/signed language; first words to complex sentences.
Speech/Language Development (Birth-3)
- Milestones for receptive/expressive language across different age groups.
Words Development in Early Child Development
- 1 year: 1 word
- 18 months: 10-15 words
- 2 years: 50+ words, emerging two-word phrases
Family-Centered Services (Early Childhood Intervention)
- ECI: Range of services & support for young children at risk of delay/disability.
- Importance of Families: Families are key influencers in a child's development.
- Benefits: Builds caregiver skills, enhances consistency at home, generalizes skills to daily life.
- Team Models (Multidisciplinary, Interdisciplinary, Transdisciplinary)
- Assessment Guidelines: Use standardized tools, caregiver interviews, naturalistic observations.
- Assessment Components: Developmental history, caregiver concerns, direct observations, communication/play behaviors, strengths/needs, intervention goals.
Assessment Tools
- DAYC-2: Comprehensive assessment (birth-5 years; cognition, communication, social-emotional, motor, adaptive).
- REEL-4: Receptive-expressive language (birth-3 years; caregiver info, language milestones).
- PLS-5: Language assessment (birth-7 years; auditory comprehension, expressive communication).
- BDI-3: Developmental milestones (birth-7 years; adaptive, social-emotional, communication, motor, cognitive).
Language Intervention Strategies
- Guiding Considerations: Focus on specific needs, incorporate into routines, etc.
- Responsive/Directive/Blended Approaches
- Interactive/Verbal/Environmental: Turn-taking, joint attention, imitation, simplified language, expanding utterances, choices to encourage responses.
-
Specific Strategies (Hanen Program):
- Responsiveness: Active listening, following child's lead, modeling language, matching pace.
- Child-directed Speech (CDS): Adapting language to child's level, interests, communication style (simplified language, higher pitch, slower rate, repetition, exaggerated expressions).
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
This quiz covers essential newborn reflexes and the stages of cognitive development as proposed by Piaget. Understand how these reflexes support early feeding and motor skills, as well as grasp the concepts of cognitive growth in infancy and childhood. Test your knowledge on these fundamental developmental milestones.
