Newborn Assessment and Infections

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What is the typical color of meconium stools in breastfed infants?

Solid, pale yellow

Dark greenish black (correct)

Soft, seedy, mustard yellow

Brightly colored and watery

Which of the following is a characteristic of the male genitalia in a newborn?

Placement of the urethral meatus on the underside of the penis

Retracted scrotum

Undescended testes

Pendulous scrotum with descended testes by 36 weeks gestation (correct)

What is the typical appearance of a Mongolian spot in a newborn?

A flat, blue-gray discoloration in the sacral area (correct)

A raised, red birthmark on the head

A white, papular rash

A red, blotchy rash with white spots

What is the purpose of the Apgar score?

To assess the overall health and well-being of the newborn Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of the normal newborn's umbilical cord vessels?

The cord contains two arteries and one vein Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of the normal newborn's voiding pattern?

Voiding 6-10 times per day after 2 days of life Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal timeframe for the posterior fontanelle to close in an infant?

2-3 months Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a collection of blood between the cranial bone and the periosteal membrane?

Cephalhematoma Signup and view all the answers

Which maneuver is used to assess for congenital hip dislocation by attempting to dislocate the hip joint?

Barlow's maneuver Signup and view all the answers

Which sign is assessed by flexing the infant's knees to 90° and applying upward pressure over the greater trochanter?

Ortolani's sign Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal timeframe for the anterior fontanelle to close in an infant?

12-18 months Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a collection of fluid (serum) under the scalp of an infant?

Caput succedaneum Signup and view all the answers

What information should be included on a newborn's chart?

Time of birth, breathing status, Apgar scores, eye prophylaxis, vitamin K administration Signup and view all the answers

How should a nurse indicate the presence of a three-vessel umbilical cord?

Use the symbol shown in Figure 18.25 Signup and view all the answers

What precautions should a nurse take when handling a newborn?

Wear gloves to avoid contact with the vernix caseosa Signup and view all the answers

Why are newborns considered slippery and difficult to hold?

They are wet from amniotic fluid and the vernix caseosa Signup and view all the answers

What is the proper way for a nurse to hold a newborn?

Place one hand under the back and the other around a leg Signup and view all the answers

When should cultures be taken from a newborn?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected outcome for a newborn's thermoregulation after birth?

The newborn maintains an axillary temperature of 98.6°F (37°C) within 1 hour after birth Signup and view all the answers

Which action helps prevent heat loss in a newborn immediately after birth?

Gently rubbing the newborn dry and swaddling with a warm blanket Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected outcome for a newborn's respiratory rate after birth?

The newborn maintains a respiratory rate of 30 to 60 breaths per minute without retractions or grunting within 5 minutes after birth Signup and view all the answers

Which action should be taken to promote adequate breathing and prevent aspiration in a newborn?

Record the first cry and promote adequate breathing pattern Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected outcome related to the umbilical cord area in a newborn?

The area around the cord is dry and free of erythema Signup and view all the answers

Which action helps prevent infection in a newborn related to exposure to vaginal secretions?

Administering antibiotic eye ointment Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended order for bathing an infant's body?

From the eyes and face to the trunk and extremities, and lastly the diaper area Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended way to wash an infant's hair during a bath?

Soap the hair while the infant is lying in the bassinet, then rinse the hair by holding the infant over the basin and splashing water against the head Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended approach for wiping an infant's eyes during a bath?

Use a clean portion of the washcloth for each eye to prevent the spread of infection Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to avoid soaking the umbilical cord during an infant's bath?

To prevent the cord from becoming saturated with water and interfering with the healing process Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of assembling all the necessary bathing equipment beforehand?

To ensure the bath is efficient and the baby is not left exposed or unattended Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to rinse the baby's skin thoroughly after using soap?

To prevent the baby from developing a rash or other skin irritation Signup and view all the answers