Newborn Assessment and Care Quiz

Eating certain types of fish during pregnancy can expose the fetus to high levels of mercury, which can lead to developmental problems.

These types of cheeses are often made with unpasteurized milk, which can carry the bacteria Listeria, causing serious health problems like miscarriage.

Alcohol consumed during pregnancy can lead to fetal alcohol syndrome, a serious condition affecting the baby's physical and mental development.

Smoking during pregnancy is linked to low birth weight, preterm labor, and other complications for the baby.

Consuming high amounts of caffeine during pregnancy is linked to an increased risk of miscarriage and other complications.

Pregnant women need more protein to support the growth of the baby and their own bodies.

Folic acid is essential for the baby's brain and nervous system development.

Iron helps to increase the mother's red blood cell production, which is needed to carry oxygen to the baby.

Calcium is crucial for the baby's bone and tooth development, and for the mother's bone health.

Staying hydrated is important for overall health during pregnancy. It helps to prevent dehydration, constipation, and other complications.

Painless bleeding, bright red blood, soft uterus, fundal height greater than expected for gestation, fetal malposition. Often occurs in the second or third trimester.

Premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall, leading to bleeding.

This condition occurs when an Rh-negative mother carries an Rh-positive fetus. The mother's immune system may attack the fetus's blood cells.

This happens when a mother with blood type O has a baby with blood type A or B. The mother's body naturally has antibodies that can attack the baby's blood cells.

A medication given to Rh-negative mothers who have given birth to or are pregnant with an Rh-positive baby.

Characterized by sudden, intense localized uterine pain, dark red vaginal bleeding, firm/rigid abdomen, fetal distress, and signs of hypovolemic shock.

A diagnostic test used to determine the location of the placenta.

A common treatment for both Placenta Previa and Abruptio Placenta.

A condition that can occur with both Placenta Previa and Abruptio Placenta, potentially leading to complications.

A potential complication associated with Abruptio Placenta, which is characterized by a cascading series of events involving blood clotting and bleeding problems.

A situation where the umbilical cord descends before the presenting part of the fetus, potentially cutting off oxygen supply.

Difficult or impossible delivery of the anterior shoulder, leading to fetal distress.

The uterus returning to its original size and shape after childbirth, assessed by measuring the descent of the fundus.

A potential complication of labor where the cord slips down after the membranes rupture and becomes compressed between the fetus and pelvis, leading to decreased oxygen to the fetus.

A state of emergency requiring immediate intervention to alleviate cord compression and expedite delivery.

A position where the patient's head is lower than their feet, used for prolapsed cord to relieve pressure on the cord.

Risk factors for prolapsed cord include ruptured membranes, high fetal station, small fetus, abnormal presentation, and excessive amniotic fluid.

Evaluation of the newborn's arms and clavicle for signs of nerve damage, such as the Moro reflex.

The process of heat generation in newborns primarily relying on increased metabolic rate, muscle activity and Brown fat metabolism.

A condition where newborn babies have low blood sugar levels. This is more common when babies are born cold or have other health issues.

A common reflex in newborns where they extend their arms and legs outward when startled, then pull them back in. Looks like they're hugging themselves.

A type of jaundice common in newborns. Causes a yellowing of the skin and eyes due to a buildup of bilirubin in the blood. Usually resolves on its own.

A newborn baby who weighs more than average for its gestational age. This can be caused by various factors, including genetics and maternal diabetes.

Intermittent contractions of the uterus after childbirth, often causing discomfort, particularly for women who have had multiple pregnancies or are breastfeeding.

A postpartum complication characterized by excessive bleeding from the uterus.

The normal vaginal discharge that occurs after childbirth, typically changing in color over time.

The first stage of postpartum vaginal discharge, characterized by a dark red color.

The second stage of postpartum vaginal discharge, distinguished by a pink or brownish color and a more watery consistency.

The final stage of postpartum vaginal discharge, characterized by a light tan color.

A serious infection that can occur after childbirth, affecting the uterus, bladder, or episiotomy wound.

Rho(D) immune globulin (RhoGAM) is a medication given to Rh-negative mothers during pregnancy to prevent the development of Rh antibodies that can harm future pregnancies. It is administered at 28 weeks gestation and within 72 hours of delivery or any pregnancy interruption, such as miscarriage or abortion.

VEAL CHOP is a mnemonic used to interpret fetal heart rate (FHR) patterns during labor. V stands for Variable decelerations, which are caused by Cord compression; E stands for Early decelerations, which are caused by Head compression; A stands for Accelerations, which are usually OK; and L stands for Late decelerations, which suggest Placental insufficiency.

Late decelerations are a concerning fetal heart rate pattern in labor. They are characterized by a gradual decrease in the fetal heart rate that occurs after a uterine contraction and returns to baseline slowly. This indicates that the placenta is not delivering enough oxygen to the fetus.

When late decelerations occur during labor, nurses take immediate action to improve fetal oxygenation. This includes administering oxygen to the mother, increasing fluids, positioning her on her left side, and stopping pitocin or pushing to reduce uterine contractions.

Systemic analgesia is a type of pain relief medication that is administered intravenously or orally during labor. It works by acting on the central nervous system to decrease the perception of pain without causing unconsciousness.

Opioids are commonly used for systemic analgesia during labor. They include medications like morphine, meperidine (demerol), butorphanol (stadol), nalbuphine (nabaine), and fentanyl (sublimaze). While effective, a major concern is the potential for neonatal respiratory depression.

Epidural block is a type of regional anesthesia injected into the epidural space in the lower back, which is effective for both vaginal and cesarean deliveries. It combines a local anesthetic and an opioid to provide pain relief. However, complications can include nausea, vomiting, fever, itching, respiratory depression, and a longer second stage of labor.

Spinal block is another type of regional anesthesia but is injected into the subarachnoid space, primarily for planned or emergency cesarean deliveries. It provides rapid onset of pain relief by combining a local anesthetic and an opioid, but side effects can involve hypotension and spinal headaches.

Braxton Hicks contractions are irregular, painless contractions that often occur throughout pregnancy, particularly in the third trimester. They are different from true labor contractions as they tend to decrease in intensity with walking or position changes and usually do not lead to cervical dilation.

During labor, the cervix shortens and thins, which is called effacement, and dilates, which means it opens. Effacement is measured in percentages, while dilation is measured in centimeters. Full dilation is 10 cm.