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Questions and Answers
What was the main purpose of bringing young women from France to New France?
What was the main purpose of bringing young women from France to New France?
What was a major source of income for New France?
What was a major source of income for New France?
What was a negative aspect of life in New France?
What was a negative aspect of life in New France?
What was the main reason for the rivalry between New France and Britain?
What was the main reason for the rivalry between New France and Britain?
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What was the name of the fortress built by New France to defend itself against Britain?
What was the name of the fortress built by New France to defend itself against Britain?
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What was the outcome of the Treaty of Utrecht?
What was the outcome of the Treaty of Utrecht?
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What was established in 1774 in Quebec City?
What was established in 1774 in Quebec City?
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What did the French have to take after the Seven Years War?
What did the French have to take after the Seven Years War?
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What was one of the guarantees provided with the establishment of Quebec City?
What was one of the guarantees provided with the establishment of Quebec City?
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What was the system of land ownership restored in Quebec City?
What was the system of land ownership restored in Quebec City?
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What was the main reason for the division of land in Upper Canada?
What was the main reason for the division of land in Upper Canada?
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What was the social class of the people who held power in Upper and Lower Canada by the 1830s?
What was the social class of the people who held power in Upper and Lower Canada by the 1830s?
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What was the purpose of the 'Voyageurs' in the fur trade?
What was the purpose of the 'Voyageurs' in the fur trade?
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What was the consequence of the fur trade for the Indigenous people?
What was the consequence of the fur trade for the Indigenous people?
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What was the main reason for King Henry VIII's desire to break away from the Roman Catholic Church?
What was the main reason for King Henry VIII's desire to break away from the Roman Catholic Church?
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What was the result of King Henry VIII's decision to break away from the Roman Catholic Church?
What was the result of King Henry VIII's decision to break away from the Roman Catholic Church?
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Study Notes
New France
- Young women were brought from France to populate the colony, mostly orphans
- The colony was successful due to:
- Farms growing corn and potatoes
- Abundant fish supply
- Large dairy industry
- Fur trade generating significant revenue, particularly from beaver pelts used for top hats
- Pros of New France:
- Good leadership under Champlain's vision and plan
- Clear roles and responsibilities
- Good routines and food supply (fish, pork, chicken, grains, maple syrup, fruit)
- Establishing a religion
Cons of New France
- Harsh land and weather made survival difficult
- Limited social mobility (e.g., farmers remained farmers)
- Few lifestyle choices (e.g., women could only be mothers or nuns)
- Strict rules and regulations
New France vs Britain
- Both countries saw each other as competitors in the fur trade
- The English built trading posts around James Bay, threatening New France's trade with the First Nations
- New France built the Fortress of Louisbourg to defend its fisheries and territory
7 Years War and Its Aftermath
- The war began in 1756 and lasted until 1763
- The Battle of the Plains of Abraham (1759) lasted only 30 minutes, resulting in the deaths of key leaders Montcalm and Wolfe
- The Treaty of Utrecht (1713) gave Britain control over Quebec, Ontario, and part of the US
- The Treaty of Paris (1763) ended the war, and the Royal Proclamation established British, French, and Indigenous lands, as well as fishing and hunting rights
British Rule and Quebec City
- By 1763, thousands of Canadians were under British rule
- The French took the "Oath of Allegiance" to follow British laws
- Quebec City was established in 1774, allowing for coexistence of French and English cultures and languages
- The city guaranteed many freedoms, including religion, culture, and language
Loyalists and Upper Canada
- Between 1773 and 1786, Loyalists arrived in Upper Canada, leading to the division of land for farming
- They settled in York, Kingston, Prince Edward County, Cornwall, and Brockville
- By 1775, 50,000 Loyalists had moved to British North America (BNA), and the population reached 395,000 by 1791
The Fur Trade
- Indigenous people exchanged animal furs for weapons, metal goods, and other supplies
- The furs were sold in Europe, where they were in high demand for hats and clothing
- The fur trade made the Indigenous people dependent on Europeans for certain goods, changing their way of life forever
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Description
This quiz covers the success of New France, including its thriving farms, fish industry, dairy industry, and profitable fur trade. It also touches on the good leadership and routines that contributed to its prosperity.
