Neurotransmitter Effects on Ion Channels Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Where are serotonergic neurons located?

  • Cerebellum
  • Pons - raphe nucleus (correct)
  • Thalamus
  • Hippocampus
  • Which enzyme acts on Norepinephrine to produce serotonin?

  • GABA transaminase
  • Phenylethanolamine N-methyl-transferase (PNMT) (correct)
  • Serotonin reuptake transporter
  • Dopamine decarboxylase
  • What are the functions of serotonin in the brain?

  • Memory formation
  • Temperature regulation
  • Muscle coordination
  • Appetite regulation (correct)
  • Which neurotransmitter is most frequently used in the central nervous system as an excitatory neurotransmitter?

    <p>Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which receptor will open when glutamate is present and the postsynaptic membrane is depolarized?

    <p>N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of ionotropic receptors?

    <p>They induce a fast reaction to neurotransmitters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of autoreceptors in neurotransmission?

    <p>Inhibit synthesis and release of neurotransmitter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of G proteins in metabotropic receptors?

    <p>Indirectly influence neuron activities through second messengers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when a neurotransmitter binds to a metabotropic receptor?

    <p>Synthesis of second messenger is triggered</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of receptor leads to graded depolarization in the cell?

    <p>Ionotropic receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of second messengers in neurotransmission?

    <p>Interact with various parts of the cell after being activated by synaptic activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of neurotransmitter operates slower than excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters?

    <p>Modulatory neurotransmitter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of neurotransmitter is known to be synthesized in the presynaptic terminal and has a fast effect on adjacent receptors?

    <p>Small-molecule transmitter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Neuromodulation takes place over what duration of time?

    <p>Minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is linked with symptoms like increased salivation, muscle weakening, blurred vision, and paralysis?

    <p>ACh</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes monoamines from small-molecule transmitters in terms of vesicle recycling?

    <p>Monoamines have vesicles that are not recycled</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required for the release of monoamines from the synaptic gap?

    <p>Single action potential</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between the activation of ionotropic receptors and metabotropic receptors?

    <p>Metabotropic effects can last longer than ionotropic effects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does inhibitory input predominantly occur within a neuron?

    <p>Synapse of the cell body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs) reach the axon hillock?

    <p>They trigger an Action Potential.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which neurotransmitter molecules are deactivated in the synapse?

    <p>Deactivating Enzyme</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mechanism involves repeated excitation from one active synapse evoking a cumulative effect over time?

    <p>Temporal Summation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which part of a neuron is excitatory input mostly found?

    <p>Dendrites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme acts on Dopamine to produce Norepinephrine?

    <p>Dopamine hydroxylase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Excessive sweating, high blood pressure, and anxiety are associated with increased levels of which neurotransmitter?

    <p>Norepinephrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which location is primarily associated with the neurotransmitter Serotonin?

    <p>Pons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is a building block for adrenaline and is produced from Tryptophan?

    <p>Serotonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Low energy levels, lack of concentration, and contributing to depressive feelings are symptoms associated with decreased levels of which neurotransmitter?

    <p>Norepinephrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which step in the production of Serotonin involves the action of the enzyme 5 HTP decarboxylase?

    <p>Step 2: 5 HTP decarboxylase acting on 5 HTP</p> Signup and view all the answers

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