Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which brain region is responsible for reward prediction error?
Which brain region is responsible for reward prediction error?
- Medial prefrontal cortex
- Amygdala
- Ventral tegmental area (VTA) (correct)
- Pre-limbic cortex
What is the role of amygdala neurons?
What is the role of amygdala neurons?
- Activating reward seeking, fear conditioning, and drug seeking
- Switching off fear learning and promoting extinction learning
- Playing a role in aversive prediction error (correct)
- Regulating the expression of learned behavior after extinction
Which brain region inhibits the expression of learned fear?
Which brain region inhibits the expression of learned fear?
- Medial prefrontal cortex
- Infra-limbic cortex (correct)
- Amygdala
- Pre-limbic cortex
What happens when the pre-limbic cortex is inactivated?
What happens when the pre-limbic cortex is inactivated?
Which neurotransmitter system is associated with schizophrenia and depression?
Which neurotransmitter system is associated with schizophrenia and depression?
What is the learning paradigm where no learning occurs due to the absence of prediction error called?
What is the learning paradigm where no learning occurs due to the absence of prediction error called?
How are neurotransmitters released from the presynaptic terminal?
How are neurotransmitters released from the presynaptic terminal?
Which neurotransmitter is primarily responsible for memory, potential learning, movement, and REM sleep?
Which neurotransmitter is primarily responsible for memory, potential learning, movement, and REM sleep?
Where is GABA predominantly found in the brain?
Where is GABA predominantly found in the brain?
Which neurotransmitter is primarily found in the brain stem and spinal cord?
Which neurotransmitter is primarily found in the brain stem and spinal cord?
Which neurotransmitter is synthesized from glutamate using glutamic acid decarboxylase?
Which neurotransmitter is synthesized from glutamate using glutamic acid decarboxylase?
Which neurotransmitter is primarily involved in regulating the activity of projection neurons?
Which neurotransmitter is primarily involved in regulating the activity of projection neurons?
Which neurotransmitter can open ion channels to create an excitatory postsynaptic potential?
Which neurotransmitter can open ion channels to create an excitatory postsynaptic potential?
Which neurotransmitter is broken down by acetylcholinesterase?
Which neurotransmitter is broken down by acetylcholinesterase?
Which neurotransmitter is synthesized from acetyl coenzyme A and choline using choline acetyltransferase?
Which neurotransmitter is synthesized from acetyl coenzyme A and choline using choline acetyltransferase?
Study Notes
Neurotransmitter Dysfunction and its Impact on Learning and Behavior
- Dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) are responsible for reward prediction error
- Amygdala neurons play a role in aversive prediction error
- Medial prefrontal cortex regulates the expression of learned behavior after extinction
- Pre-limbic cortex activates reward seeking, fear conditioning, and drug seeking
- Infra-limbic cortex switches off fear learning and promotes extinction learning
- Inactivation of pre-limbic cortex inhibits the expression of learned fear
- The amygdala is crucial for aversive prediction error and inhibiting its neurons prevents learning
- VTA dopamine neurons encode reward prediction error
- Blocking is a learning paradigm where no learning occurs due to the absence of prediction error
- Neurotransmitters are released from the presynaptic terminal through exocytosis and bind to postsynaptic receptors
- The medial prefrontal cortex is necessary for the expression of learned fear and inhibition during extinction promotes retrieval of extinguished fear
- Dysfunctions in the monoamine neurotransmitter system are associated with schizophrenia and depression
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Description
Test your knowledge on neurotransmitter dysfunction and its impact on learning and behavior. Learn about the role of dopamine neurons, amygdala neurons, and various cortical regions in reward prediction, aversive prediction, fear learning, and extinction. Understand how dysfunctions in the monoamine neurotransmitter system can be linked to mental illnesses like schizophrenia and depression.
