Neurotransmission Steps
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the dendrites in a postsynaptic neuron?

  • To release neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft
  • To generate an electrical signal that travels down the axon
  • To receive neurotransmitters from the presynaptic neuron (correct)
  • To integrate the signals from multiple synapses

    • What is the role of the axon terminals in a presynaptic neuron?

  • To generate an electrical signal that travels down the axon
  • To receive neurotransmitters from the postsynaptic neuron
  • To integrate the signals from multiple synapses
  • To release neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft (correct)

    • What is the purpose of the synaptic cleft?

  • To release neurotransmitters into the postsynaptic neuron
  • To integrate the signals from multiple synapses
  • To generate an electrical signal that travels down the axon
  • To provide a space for neurotransmitters to bind to receptors (correct)

    • What happens to the neurotransmitters released by the presynaptic neuron?

    <p>They bind to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the direction of the signal transmission between neurons?

    <p>From presynaptic neuron to postsynaptic neuron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels in the synaptic transmission process?

    <p>To regulate the release of neurotransmitters from the synaptic vesicle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is responsible for receiving neurotransmitters released from the synaptic vesicle?

    <p>Receptor for neurotransmitter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the synaptic vesicle?

    <p>To store and release neurotransmitters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the small gap between the presynaptic neuron and the postsynaptic neuron?

    <p>Synaptic cleft</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process by which neurotransmitters bind to their receptors in the postsynaptic neuron?

    <p>Chemically gated transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of voltage-gated Ca²⁺ channels in the synaptic transmission process?

    <p>To allow the influx of Ca²⁺ ions, enabling vesicle docking and neurotransmitter release</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs immediately after the neurotransmitter binds to receptors?

    <p>Ligand-gated ion channels open, allowing ions to flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of glial uptake in synaptic transmission?

    <p>To remove the neurotransmitter from the synaptic cleft</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the net result of the process of synaptic transmission?

    <p>The creation of a graded potential that can contribute to an action potential</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which step of synaptic transmission does the vesicular membrane get retrieved from the plasma membrane?

    <p>After the removal of the neurotransmitter by glial uptake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the synaptic knob in synaptic transmission?

    <p>To facilitate the influx of Ca²⁺ ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of an EPSP in a receiving neuron?

    <p>To generate an electrical signal called an action potential</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of an influx of Cl- ions in a postsynaptic neuron?

    <p>Hyperpolarization of the neuron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of an EPSP on the membrane potential of a postsynaptic neuron?

    <p>It increases the membrane potential</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the net effect of an IPSP on a postsynaptic neuron?

    <p>It decreases the likelihood of reaching threshold</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the direction of K+ ions in an inhibitory synapse?

    <p>Efflux out of the postsynaptic neuron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of potential do EPSPs and IPSPs represent?

    <p>Graded potential</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the myelin sheath around axons?

    <p>To protect the axons and increase transmission speed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when the myelin sheath is damaged?

    <p>Nerve impulses slow or even stop</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of disorder is multiple sclerosis (MS)?

    <p>Autoimmune disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of Schwann cells in the myelination process?

    <p>To wrap around the axon and form the myelin sheath</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of nodes of Ranvier in the myelination process?

    <p>They are the gaps between the myelin sheath</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of nerve impulse transmission in myelinated axons?

    <p>Saltatory conduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

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