Neuroscience Quiz on Neurons and Neuroglia

The different components of a neuron, including the dendrites, cell body, axon, and axon terminal, each with a specific function in transmitting signals

Insulates axons, increasing the speed and efficiency of signal transmission.

A protective barrier composed of endothelial cells, pericytes, astrocytes, and the capillary basement membrane that shields the brain from toxins and harmful substances.

The largest part of the brain, responsible for higher-level cognitive functions like thinking, learning, and memory.

31 pairs of nerves arising from the spinal cord, responsible for transmitting sensory and motor signals between the body and the brain.

The end of an axon that releases neurotransmitters into the synapse, communicating with the next neuron.

The gap between the axon terminal of one neuron and the dendrite of another where communication occurs through the release of neurotransmitters.

Gaps in the myelin sheath that facilitate faster signal transmission through saltatory conduction.

Receives signals from other neurons' axon terminals.

Transmits electrical signals away from the cell body.

Insulates portions of the axon, made of Schwann Cells (PNS) or Oligodendrocytes (CNS).

Gaps in myelin sheath, accelerating signal transmission.

Releases neurotransmitters to communicate with other neurons across synapses.

Endothelial cells, pericytes, astrocytes and basement membrane protect the brain.

Largest part of the brain, responsible for higher cognitive functions.

31 pairs of nerves connecting to the spinal cord.

Cerebrum has white and gray matter, depending on myelin sheath or cell body concentration.

Secretes Acetylcholine.