Neuroscience Quiz

Which subunit of the G protein binds to GDP under resting conditions?

What can G protein activation trigger in the neuron?

What is the role of agonists in receptor binding and neuron communication?

Which type of receptors are ligand-gated ion channels composed of subunits with four polypeptide transmembrane spanning domains?

Which neurotransmitter tends to open chloride ion channels?

What part of the presynaptic terminal opens upon action potential, causing calcium influx and vesicle release?

Which of the following is true about the resting membrane potential of neurons?

What is the function of myelin sheets in neural communication?

How are action potentials generated in neurons?

Which type of summation occurs when multiple neurons send EPSPs to exceed the threshold?

Which of the following statements about IPSPs is correct?

Which type of communication is the main way neurons communicate?

What triggers vesicles containing neurotransmitters to dock with the axon terminal in chemical synapses?

What is responsible for the process of exocytosis in chemical synapses?

What happens when the membrane potential increases above the excitability threshold in the postsynaptic neuron?

Key Concepts in Neurophysiology, Neurochemistry, and Neural Activity

The brain is highly plastic and learning occurs through changes in the size of neurons and synapses based on experience.
Neurons communicate with each other through postsynaptic potentials and neural integration at the synapse.
The synapse is the connection between two neurons, and it can occur through gap junctions or chemical synapses.
Neurotransmitters are released into the synapse to pass signals from one neuron to the next.
Receptors on the postsynaptic neuron encode and affect different signals.
Brain scans, PET imaging, and calcium imaging can be used to visualize neural activity.
Resting membrane potential is the baseline physiological condition of neurons, and it is maintained by the phospholipid bilayer and ion channels.
The electrical gradient is the difference in electrical charge between adjacent areas, and it is maintained by the movement of positively charged ions.
The concentration gradient is the difference in ion concentration between adjacent areas, and it is maintained by the movement of ions along the concentration gradient.
Action potentials are generated when the membrane potential reaches a certain threshold value, causing depolarization and the propagation of an electrical signal along the axon.
Myelin sheets, made up of oligodendrocytes or glial cells, increase the efficiency of neural communication through saltatory conduction.
Neurons have refractory periods, during which they cannot fire another action potential, ensuring the propagation of signals in one direction and preventing overstimulation.