Neuroscience Chapter on Brain Functions

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What is the primary function of the occipital lobes?

Recognizing and interpreting visual information (correct)
Processing sensory information from the body
Controlling body temperature
Regulating emotions

Which part of the brain is primarily responsible for processing sensory information and spatial orientation?

Parietal lobes (correct)
Cerebellum
Thalamus
Cerebrum

Which part of the brain serves as the main control center for vital functions like heartbeat and respiration?

Thalamus
Limbic system
Brain stem (correct)
Cerebellum

What is the primary role of the limbic system?

Regulating emotions and motivating behavior (B) Signup and view all the answers

What function does the hypothalamus perform?

Maintains homeostasis by monitoring internal systems (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which brain structure is critical for converting information from working memory to long-term storage?

Hippocampus (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is one main function of the amygdala?

Regulating emotions, especially fear (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the brain is the largest and responsible for thinking and memory?

Cerebrum (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between emotions and feelings?

Emotions are intense but temporary, while feelings are low-key but sustainable. (A) Signup and view all the answers

According to the Cannon-Bard Theory of Emotion, emotions

occur when the thalamus sends a message in response to a stimulus. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which dimension relates to the intensity of the feeling?

Excitement-numbness (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of emotions according to the provided content?

They ensure the immediate survival of the self. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following does NOT represent a dimension of feelings?

Empathy-sympathy (A) Signup and view all the answers

The Schachter-Singer Two-Factor Theory of Emotion emphasizes the importance of

the interaction between physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which theory suggests that emotions follow from bodily sensations?

James-Lange Theory (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the role of feelings?

Feelings establish a long-term attitude toward reality. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What primarily influences a student's self-efficacy?

Emotional and physiological states (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of self-concept reflects how much an individual values themselves?

Self-esteem (B) Signup and view all the answers

How does a person with a growth mindset typically view failure?

As an opportunity to learn and grow (A) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a fixed mindset from a growth mindset?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What can help a student interpret physiological responses positively before a presentation?

Recognizing these responses as normal reactions to stress (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'ideal self' refer to in the context of self-concept?

Who a person wishes to become (B) Signup and view all the answers

In Dweck's theory, which mindset likely leads to greater resilience in the face of setbacks?

Growth mindset (C) Signup and view all the answers

What physiological reactions might a student experience before giving a presentation?

Increased heart rate and sweaty palms (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by self-efficacy?

Confidence in one’s capability to execute a plan of action (C) Signup and view all the answers

How do learners monitor their performance effectively?

Through continuous reflection and strategy adaptation (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT a source of self-efficacy according to Bandura?

Intuitive decision-making (A) Signup and view all the answers

What role do verbal persuasions play in self-efficacy?

They contribute to increased belief in one’s capabilities (B) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of self-efficacy, what is the significance of vicarious experiences?

They allow individuals to observe the successes or failures of others (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which phase involves learners evaluating their performance against established goals?

Self-reflection phase (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a key outcome of setting goals in learning?

Providing a clear sense of direction and purpose (A) Signup and view all the answers

How can positive past experiences affect self-efficacy?

They build confidence and belief in abilities (C) Signup and view all the answers

What term describes stress that is positive and beneficial?

Eustress (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of stress is characterized as neutral or having no significant impact?

Neustress (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in how the body reacts to stress?

Recognition (A) Signup and view all the answers

During which stage does the body prepare to face a perceived threat?

Mobilization (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary action taken during the 'Response' stage to stress?

Fight or Flight (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the final stage where the body returns to a calm state called?

Return (D) Signup and view all the answers

How can culture influence the stress response according to research?

It affects stress and coping processes. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best illustrates 'Distress'?

Experiencing anxiety before an exam (D) Signup and view all the answers

How does the trait 'Hiya' differ in perception between Western and Oriental cultures?

It is viewed negatively as a sign of weakness in Western views. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Pakikisama' signify according to the Oriental view?

Ignoring wrongdoings for the sake of peace. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of suicide is characterized by a breakdown in social norms?

Anomic suicide (A) Signup and view all the answers

How is 'Bahala na' interpreted negatively in the Western view?

As leaving everything to chance without responsibility. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What type of coping strategy focuses on directly addressing the source of stress?

Problem-focused coping (B) Signup and view all the answers

In which context is the trait 'Kanya-kanya' viewed positively?

As attending to oneself and family needs. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What does the Western concept of 'Ningas cogon' suggest?

A lack of perseverance leading to underachievement. (D) Signup and view all the answers

How do Western cultures perceive the concept of 'Saving face'?

As shirking responsibility. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of emotion-focused coping?

Regulating emotional responses to the distress. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why is 'Utang na loob' viewed negatively in the Western context?

It focuses on moral versus legal obligations. (C) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of Filipino values, what does 'Bukas na (Mañana habit)' imply in Oriental views?

Understanding the need to keep stress in perspective. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Patigasan' symbolize positively in Oriental culture?

Defending one's principles and standing firm. (B) Signup and view all the answers

In terms of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, what is essential for motivation?

A series of needs organized hierarchically. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Pleasantness-unpleasantness dimension

Describes feelings as either positive or negative.

Excitement-numbness dimension

Indicates the intensity of a feeling.