Hill Ch 12 TB All

Initiation of the action potential usually occurs ______ of the neuron.

Which statement about an animal's nervous system is true?

For a hormone to elicit a specific response from a cell, the cell must possess

Which statement about the startle response of the cockroach is true?

At the metathoracic ganglion, the interneurons synaptically inhibit leg motor neurons.

Which glial cells are found in the peripheral nervous system?

Which statement about glial cells is true?

The separation of positive and negative charges constitutes

Which statement about membrane capacitance is true?

What is occurring at the membrane?

In the lower panel, the difference between the dashed line and the solid red line is due to

In the figure, the ______ decreases with distance.

Which statement offers the best explanation for the difference between the middle panel and the lower panel?

The properties shown in the figure can be measured in

Which variable does not contribute to the passive electrical properties of a cell?

The figure shows that the membrane potential results from

In the figure, ______ in the center of the cell.

Which characteristic is not a factor in the Nernst Equation?

In a cell, the difference in ion concentration between the intracellular and extracellular fluids results from

According to the Nernst equation, which change will depolarize Vm, the membrane potential?

Which statement regarding the ions in intracellular and extracellular fluids in a standard animal cell is true?

According to the Goldman equation, the contribution of each ion to the membrane potential depends most on

Which structure is most responsible for the all-or-none property of the action potential?

Which arrow best represents the point where permeability to sodium is the highest?

Which arrow best represents the point where the voltage-gated sodium channels are inactivated?

______ channels are responsible for the undershoot at point D of the figure.

What occurs when the membrane is clamped at -100 mV?

How many separate current pulses cause the membrane potential to reach the threshold?

What would likely occur if stimulus 3 and 6 were performed simultaneously?

If stimulating current pulse 9 (not shown) was both stronger and longer than stimulating current pulse 8, then

For an axon at resting membrane potential, the K⁺ leak channel is ______ the voltage-gated Na⁺ channel is ______ and the voltage-gated K+ channel is ______.

During the falling phase of an action potential, the K+ leak channel on the axon is ______, the voltage-gated Na⁺ channel is ______, and the voltage-gated K+ channel is ______

Which technique was used to collect the data in the bottom panel?

On the figure, I represents ______ currents through voltage-gated ______ channels.

Why do the channels at II on the figure stay open longer than those at I?

Which technique was used to collect the data shown in the figure?

The treatment difference between the membranes shown in the graphs is that the membrane on the left is being ______ while the membrane on the right is being ______.

How would the trace on the right look if the neuron was soaking in TEA?

Which statement about a voltage clamp of a neuron at 0 mV is true?

Which statement regarding the structure of the voltage-gated Na⁺ channels is false?

A spiking neuron and a nonspiking neuron share which characteristic?

How do nonspiking neurons function even though their depolarization signal significantly degrades with distance?

The figure depicts a

What is the best explanation for the plateau shown in the figure?

Which statement about ion permeability as shown in the figure is true?

The absolute refractory period of the action potential is best explained by

Which statement about a local circuit in an axon is false?

______ prevents bidirectional propagation of action potentials.

Conduction velocity shows ______ axon diameter.

Considering neurons in living systems, which variable affects conduction velocity the most?

Myelination by Schwann cells increases the velocity of action potential propagation by

Compare and contrast nervous systems and endocrine systems.

Describe the startle response in the cockroach.

What are glial cells and how do they aid in the function of the nervous system?

Compare and contrast current and voltage with respect to the cell membrane.

Since the bulk solutions that make up the intracellular and extracellular fluids maintain charge neutrality, how does the cell produce membrane potentials?

Explain in mechanistic terms how the action potential is an all-or-none phenomenon.

Compare and contrast the techniques of patch clamping and voltage clamping.

What are the similarities and differences among the channels in the voltage-gated channel superfamily?

Explain in mechanistic terms why the action potential can travel a great distance along an axon without degrading.

Describe the significance of myelination.

The neuron converts an electrical signal to a chemical signal in the

Neurons that relay sensory signals to integrative centers of the CNS are called

Which glial cells function as metabolic intermediaries between capillaries and neurons?

Which term best describes the movement of ions across a membrane?

A decrease in the absolute value of the membrane potential toward zero is called

Which of the following actively contributes to the cell’s membrane potential?

The time constant (τ) depends on the _______ of the membrane.