Chapter 46
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is the main body of a neuron?

  • Dendrite
  • Axon terminal
  • Synaptic
  • Soma (correct)
  • What is the sensory portion of a neuron called?

  • Axon terminal
  • Dendrite (correct)
  • Synaptic
  • Soma
  • Which neurotransmitter is the chief excitatory transmitter in the CNS?

  • Acetylcholine
  • Dopamine
  • Glutamate (correct)
  • GABA
  • Which neurotransmitter opens Cl channels and is the chief inhibitory transmitter in the adult CNS?

    <p>GABA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of summation occurs when EPSPs created by distant synapses overlap?

    <p>Spatial summation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ions are involved in creating an IPSP through the opening of Cl channels?

    <p>Cl-</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism behind facilitation in neurons?

    <p>Prolonged elevation of presynaptic calcium levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of dendrites in stimulating neurons?

    <p>Receiving signals from presynaptic neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main body of a neuron called?

    <p>Soma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is the chief inhibitory transmitter in the adult CNS?

    <p>GABA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lobe of the cerebral cortex is responsible for auditory perception, semantics, and memory?

    <p>Temporal lobe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lobe of the cerebral cortex integrates sensory information from different modalities?

    <p>Parietal lobe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lobe of the cerebral cortex is the visual processing center?

    <p>Occipital lobe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which division of the nervous system is responsible for responding to and moving about in our environment?

    <p>Motor Division</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which level of the central nervous system controls subconscious body activities such as arterial pressure, respiration, and equilibrium?

    <p>Lower brain level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the nervous system is responsible for tactile, visual, auditory, and olfactory sensations?

    <p>Sensory Division</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the nervous system processes information and creates memory?

    <p>Integrative Division</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the nervous system contains walking circuits, withdrawal circuits, support against gravity circuits, and circuits for reflex control of organ function?

    <p>Spinal cord level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which level of the central nervous system includes the medulla, pons, mesencephalon, hypothalamus, thalamus, cerebellum, and basal ganglia?

    <p>Lower brain level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which level of the central nervous system is associated with the cerebral cortex and never functions alone?

    <p>Higher brain or cortical level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of neurotransmitter is usually excitatory in the CNS and accounts for more than 90% of the synaptic connections in the CNS?

    <p>Glutamate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism behind synaptic facilitation?

    <p>Build-up of calcium ions in presynaptic terminals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chief inhibitory transmitter in the CNS?

    <p>Glycine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of neuropeptides as neurotransmitters?

    <p>They cause long-term changes in the number of neuron receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What environmental change can increase neuronal excitability and potentially initiate petit mal seizures?

    <p>Alkalosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of small molecule, rapidly acting transmitters?

    <p>They mediate most acute responses of the nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the protective mechanism for excessive neuronal activity and a possible mechanism for ending epileptic seizures?

    <p>Synaptic fatigue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of neuropeptides as neurotransmitters?

    <p>They cause long-term changes in the number of neuron receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of neurotransmission that takes time and allows for the calculation of the number of chemically connected series neurons in a circuit?

    <p>Synaptic delay</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of glutamate as a neurotransmitter?

    <p>It is the chief excitatory transmitter in the CNS</p> Signup and view all the answers

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