Cognition 213 - Midterm Review

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary area of the brain affected in blindsight?

Dorsal Pathway

Lateral Occipital Cortex (LOC)

Primary Visual Area (V1) (correct)

Fusiform Face Area (FFA)

Which condition is characterized by difficulty in recognizing individual faces?

Prosopagnosia (correct)

Apperceptive Agnosia

Akinetopsia

Optic Ataxia

What is the difference between apperceptive agnosia and associative agnosia?

Apperceptive agnosia is a more severe form of visual agnosia than associative agnosia.

Apperceptive agnosia is caused by damage to the dorsal pathway, while associative agnosia is caused by damage to the ventral pathway.

Apperceptive agnosia affects the ability to perceive objects, while associative agnosia affects the ability to assign meaning to objects. (correct)

Apperceptive agnosia affects the ability to recognize faces, while associative agnosia affects object recognition.

Which of the following statements about blindsight is TRUE?

Blindsight is a condition where individuals can unconsciously perceive objects despite having no conscious awareness of them. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between akinetopsia and optic ataxia?

Akinetopsia and optic ataxia share a common cause – damage to the dorsal pathway – leading to visual processing deficits in different domains. (D) Signup and view all the answers

A patient exhibits difficulty in reaching for a glass of water, even though they can clearly see the glass. They also struggle to follow the movement of a swinging pendulum. Which condition most likely underlies these symptoms?

Optic ataxia (C) Signup and view all the answers

A patient with damage to the dorsal pathway is likely to experience which of the following?

Problems with motion perception and object localization (A) Signup and view all the answers

Imagine a patient who can easily identify objects but fails to reach for them accurately. This suggests an underlying issue with which specific aspect of visual processing?

Spatial awareness (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the location of the dorsal pathway in relation to the brain?

It is situated in the parietal lobe, playing a role in spatial processing and motor control. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Both Classical and Operant Conditioning share a common underlying principle. What is it?

The association of a behavior with a consequence. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements BEST reflects the key difference between the philosophy of Plato and Aristotle?

Plato prioritized reason over experience in knowledge acquisition, while Aristotle emphasized the role of observation and experience. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following research approaches aligns most closely with Aristotle's philosophical perspective?

Basic Research (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of these research approaches is most compatible with the premise that the mind is a functional tool for adaptation?

Functionalism (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following research methodologies aligns most closely with the core principles of empiricism?

Experimental manipulation of variables to observe their effects. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is MOST CLOSELY associated with the school of thought known as Functionalism?

William James (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following research approaches aligns MOST CLOSELY with the goal of 'applied research' as described in the context?

Developing a new therapy based on the principles of classical conditioning. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios BEST exemplifies the functioning of the Sympathetic Nervous System?

A hiker suddenly encountering a bear on a trail. (B) Signup and view all the answers

A patient experiences difficulty controlling muscle movements, particularly during voluntary actions. Which part of the nervous system is MOST likely affected?

Somatic Nervous System (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the Autonomic Nervous System?

Planning and executing complex movements (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements ACCURATELY describes the relationship between the Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Nervous Systems?

They are antagonistic systems, with one system activating while the other inhibits. (D) Signup and view all the answers

A patient is experiencing excessive sweating, rapid heartbeat, and dilated pupils. Which of the following is MOST likely the underlying explanation for these symptoms?

Dominance of the Sympathetic Nervous System (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following tasks would be MOST DIFFICULT for a split-brain patient to perform, given their inability to communicate information between their hemispheres?

Naming an object presented to their right visual field, but then drawing a similar object with their left hand. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements MOST ACCURATELY describes the likely outcome of presenting the word "PEN" to a split-brain patient's RIGHT visual field, while simultaneously presenting the word "KEY" to their LEFT visual field?

The patient would be able to verbally identify "PEN", and would be able to use their LEFT hand to draw a picture of a key. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Imagine a split-brain patient performing a task where they are asked to simultaneously reach for a cup with their right hand and a pencil with their left hand. Which of the following scenarios is MOST LIKELY to occur?

The patient will successfully reach for both the cup and the pencil simultaneously, as they both have independent neural control. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Based on the information about split-brain patients, which of the following statements BEST explains the challenges these individuals face in tasks requiring interhemispheric interaction?

The severed corpus callosum prevents the integration of information processed by both hemispheres, leading to a lack of coordination and awareness. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following research findings from split-brain patients MOST STRONGLY supports the notion that the two hemispheres of the brain specialize in different cognitive functions?

Split-brain patients are able to name an object presented to their right visual field but struggle to name an object presented to their left visual field. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which pathway is responsible for processing information about the location of objects in space?

Dorsal Pathway (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best describes the role of the ventral pathway in visual processing?

It determines the size and shape of objects. (B) Signup and view all the answers

A patient with damage to the dorsal pathway would likely have difficulty with which of the following tasks?

Reaching for a glass of water. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which lobe of the brain is primarily associated with the ventral pathway?

Temporal lobe (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which question would a researcher MOST likely ask to investigate the function of the dorsal pathway?

Can you point to the object that I am describing? (C) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Blindsight

Cortical blindness with unconscious perception of objects.

Visual Agnosia

Difficulty recognizing objects despite visual perception.