Neuroplasticity: Adaptive Changes in the Brain
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Questions and Answers

What is neuroplasticity primarily defined as?

  • The ability of the nervous system to change in response to stimuli (correct)
  • The lack of reorganization in the brain after injuries
  • The inability of the brain to adapt to changes
  • The structural rigidity of the nervous system

    • What is a key aspect of neuroplasticity related to injuries like stroke or traumatic brain injury?

  • Reorganizing its structure and connections (correct)
  • Becoming more rigid and fixed
  • Losing the ability to adapt to stimuli
  • Halting all functional changes

    • What is the definition of neuroplasticity?

  • The ability of the nervous system to resist change in response to stimuli
  • The ability of the nervous system to change its activity in response to stimuli by reorganizing its structure, functions, or connections (correct)
  • The inability of the nervous system to change its activity
  • The ability of the nervous system to avoid reorganizing its structure after injury

    • What is a common objective related to patients with stroke and neuroplasticity?

    <p>Summarize treatment considerations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mechanism of neuroplasticity involves concepts like synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis?

    <p>Neuronal regeneration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT associated with poor synaptic plasticity?

    <p>Lack of communication among the healthcare team</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who first mentioned the term neural plasticity?

    <p>Jerzy Konorski</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does collaboration among the interprofessional team enhance care delivery for stroke patients in relation to neuroplasticity?

    <p>By improving care coordination and treatment outcomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of the concept of synaptic plasticity?

    <p>Creating experience-dependent changes in neuronal connection strength</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase following brain injury does recruitment of support cells occur?

    <p>The following weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Neuroplasticity

    • Neuroplasticity, also known as neural plasticity or brain plasticity, is a process that involves adaptive structural and functional changes to the brain.
    • It is defined as the ability of the nervous system to change its activity in response to intrinsic or extrinsic stimuli by reorganizing its structure, functions, or connections after injuries, such as a stroke or traumatic brain injury (TBI).

    History of Neuroplasticity

    • The term "plasticity" in regards to the nervous system was first mentioned by William James in 1890.
    • The term "neural plasticity" is credited to Jerzy Konorski in 1948 and was popularized by Donald Hebb in 1949.

    Mechanisms of Neuroplasticity

    Neuronal Regeneration/Collateral Sprouting

    • Synaptic plasticity: the ability to make experience-dependent long-lasting changes in the strength of neuronal connections.
    • Long-term potentiation (LTP): a form of synaptic plasticity discovered in 1973 by Bliss and Lomo.
    • LTP is the long-lasting increase in the strength of synaptic transmission between neurons after repetitive stimulation.

    Phases of Neuroplasticity after Injury

    • First 48 hours: initial damage and cell death, with the loss of certain cortical pathways associated with the lost neurons.
    • The following weeks: recruitment of support cells and shifting of cortical pathways from inhibitory to excitatory.
    • Weeks to months afterward: the brain continues to remodel itself via axonal sprouting and further reorganization around the damage.

    Clinical Relevance of Neuroplasticity

    • Neuroplasticity is important for restoration of function after injury, such as stroke or TBI.
    • It can have beneficial (restoration of function), neutral (no change), or negative (pathological consequences) effects.
    • The interprofessional team plays a crucial role in enhancing care for patients with stroke by collaborating and communicating effectively.

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    Description

    Explore the concept of Neuroplasticity, also known as neural plasticity or brain plasticity, which involves adaptive structural and functional changes to the brain in response to intrinsic or extrinsic stimuli. Learn about the brain's ability to reorganize its structure, functions, or connections after injuries.

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