Neurophysiology and Neurotransmitters Quiz

The hindbrain, including structures such as the medulla oblongata, pons, and cerebellum.

The reticular formation, periaqueductal gray (PAG), substancia nigra, and ventral tegmental area (VTA).

The limbic system is involved in the control of motivations, emotions, and memory.

<p>The prefrontal cortex and other major forebrain structures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The two main divisions of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) are the parasympathetic nervous system and the sympathetic nervous system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter associated with the parasympathetic nervous system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The function of the sympathetic nervous system is to initiate the fight-or-flight response, often associated with activities requiring energy and alertness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Depressants, sedatives, and hypnotics tend to trigger the parasympathetic nervous system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The spinal cord in the central nervous system (CNS) serves as a relay station for transmitting messages between the brain and the rest of the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>There are approximately 100 billion neurons in the brain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The two sides of the brain are the dorsal/back side, which receives incoming messages from sensory nerves to the brain, and the ventral/stomach side, which sends outgoing messages to muscles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The subjective experiences of psychoactive drugs are caused by the ability of a drug to alter the normal functions of the nervous system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The limbic system is involved in the control of motivations, emotions, and memory.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The hindbrain includes the medulla oblongata, pons, and cerebellum, which are responsible for basic maintenance of arousal, survival, and coordination.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The prefrontal cortex is associated with executive functions, and many drugs can decrease its activity, leading to impairment in executive functioning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The midbrain includes the reticular formation, periaqueductal gray (PAG), substantia nigra, and ventral tegmental area (VTA), which connect the hindbrain to the forebrain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The somatic nervous system is made up of sensory nerves from conscious senses, while the autonomic nervous system is concerned with sensory systems that we are not usually aware of.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter associated with the parasympathetic nervous system. It tends to promote rest-and-digest activities, such as slowing heart rate and stimulating digestion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Activation of the sympathetic nervous system triggers the fight-or-flight response, leading to increased heart rate, dilated pupils, and heightened alertness. The neurotransmitter associated with this response is epinephrine (adrenaline).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Many drugs engage one or more systems in the peripheral nervous system, often surpassing the effects of natural stimuli. Their exogenous nature means they are external substances that affect the body's sensitive systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The central nervous system consists of the spinal cord and the brain, which houses approximately 100 billion neurons. The spinal cord acts as a relay station for incoming and outgoing messages, while the brain coordinates various sensory and motor functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Subjective experiences of psychoactive drugs are caused by their ability to modify the normal functions of the nervous system, leading to altered perceptions, moods, and behaviors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Depressants, sedatives, and hypnotics tend to trigger the parasympathetic nervous system, promoting relaxation, reduced heart rate, and drowsiness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The autonomic nervous system consists of the parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions. The parasympathetic division promotes rest-and-digest activities, while the sympathetic division triggers the fight-or-flight response.</p> Signup and view all the answers