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Questions and Answers
Which structure of the neuron contains the nucleus and machinery for life processes?
What is the Greek word for tree, which describes the appearance of dendrites?
Which part of the neuron is responsible for transmitting information?
What is the term for the protective covering around the axon?
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What are the specialized jobs performed by neurons called?
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Study Notes
Neuron Structure and Function
- The cell body of a neuron houses the nucleus and cellular machinery essential for life processes, including metabolism and energy production.
- The Greek word "dendron," meaning "tree," refers to the branched appearance of dendrites, which receive signals from other neurons.
- Axons are the parts of neurons responsible for transmitting information away from the cell body to other neurons or muscles.
- The myelin sheath serves as the protective covering around the axon, facilitating faster transmission of nerve impulses through insulation.
- Specialized functions performed by neurons are known as neuron functions or neuronal signaling, which include the processing and transmission of information throughout the nervous system.
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Description
Test your knowledge about neurons and the structures that make up these essential cells of the nervous system. Explore the different shapes and variations of neurons, including the soma, axon, and myelin sheath. See how well you understand the specialized functions of neurons by taking this quiz!
