Neuron Structure Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the net result of the depolarization phase of an action potential?

  • An increase in the negative charge inside the neuron
  • A rapid influx of positively charged ions into the neuron (correct)
  • An increase in the positive charge outside the neuron
  • A rapid efflux of positively charged ions from the neuron

What is the purpose of the myelin sheath in neuron function?

  • To decrease the speed of electrical transmission along the axon
  • To increase the speed of electrical transmission along the axon (correct)
  • To increase the strength of the electrical impulse
  • To reduce the number of action potentials generated

What is the term for the minimum amount of stimulation required to generate an action potential?

  • Synaptic potential
  • Action potential
  • Threshold potential (correct)
  • Resting potential

What is the primary function of the dendrites in a neuron?

<p>To transmit signals towards the cell body (B)</p>
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What happens to the membrane potential of a neuron during repolarization?

<p>It becomes more negative (D)</p>
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What is the term for the 'all or none' principle of action potential generation?

<p>All or none law (B)</p>
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What is the primary function of voltage-gated calcium channels in synaptic transmission?

<p>To allow the flow of calcium ions into the terminal buttons (C)</p>
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Which of the following neurotransmitters is involved in regulating motor behavior, motivation, pleasure, and emotional arousal?

<p>Dopamine (D)</p>
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What is the effect of an agonist on a neurotransmitter?

<p>It enhances or mimics the action of the neurotransmitter (B)</p>
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What is the primary function of the synaptic cleft?

<p>To allow the binding of neurotransmitters to specific receptors on the postsynaptic neuron (A)</p>
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What is the effect of an excitatory neurotransmitter on the membrane potential of the postsynaptic neuron?

<p>It causes the membrane potential to become more positive (A)</p>
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What is the primary advantage of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) over electroencephalography (EEG)?

<p>fMRI has better spatial resolution than EEG (B)</p>
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Which area of the brain is responsible for language production and processing of speech?

<p>Broca's Area (D)</p>
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What is the result of damage to Broca's Area in the brain?

<p>Halting speech and difficulty in forming sentences (D)</p>
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What is the function of the Corpus Callosum in the brain?

<p>To connect the two cerebral hemispheres (C)</p>
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What is the term for the dominance of one hemisphere of the brain over the other in terms of function?

<p>Laterization (D)</p>
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Who established the neuron as the basic unit of nervous structure?

<p>Santiago Ramón y Cajal (C)</p>
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What is the term for a cell that specializes in receiving and transmitting information?

<p>Neuron (C)</p>
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