18 Questions
What is the net result of the depolarization phase of an action potential?
A rapid influx of positively charged ions into the neuron
What is the purpose of the myelin sheath in neuron function?
To increase the speed of electrical transmission along the axon
What is the term for the minimum amount of stimulation required to generate an action potential?
Threshold potential
What is the primary function of the dendrites in a neuron?
To transmit signals towards the cell body
What happens to the membrane potential of a neuron during repolarization?
It becomes more negative
What is the term for the 'all or none' principle of action potential generation?
All or none law
What is the primary function of voltage-gated calcium channels in synaptic transmission?
To allow the flow of calcium ions into the terminal buttons
Which of the following neurotransmitters is involved in regulating motor behavior, motivation, pleasure, and emotional arousal?
Dopamine
What is the effect of an agonist on a neurotransmitter?
It enhances or mimics the action of the neurotransmitter
What is the primary function of the synaptic cleft?
To allow the binding of neurotransmitters to specific receptors on the postsynaptic neuron
What is the effect of an excitatory neurotransmitter on the membrane potential of the postsynaptic neuron?
It causes the membrane potential to become more positive
What is the primary advantage of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) over electroencephalography (EEG)?
fMRI has better spatial resolution than EEG
Which area of the brain is responsible for language production and processing of speech?
Broca's Area
What is the result of damage to Broca's Area in the brain?
Halting speech and difficulty in forming sentences
What is the function of the Corpus Callosum in the brain?
To connect the two cerebral hemispheres
What is the term for the dominance of one hemisphere of the brain over the other in terms of function?
Laterization
Who established the neuron as the basic unit of nervous structure?
Santiago Ramón y Cajal
What is the term for a cell that specializes in receiving and transmitting information?
Neuron
Test your knowledge of neuron structure, including the cell body, dendrites, axon, synapse, and myelin sheath. Learn about the functions of each part and how they contribute to neural communication.
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