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Neuron Structure Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the net result of the depolarization phase of an action potential?

An increase in the negative charge inside the neuron
A rapid influx of positively charged ions into the neuron (correct)
An increase in the positive charge outside the neuron
A rapid efflux of positively charged ions from the neuron

What is the purpose of the myelin sheath in neuron function?

To decrease the speed of electrical transmission along the axon
To increase the speed of electrical transmission along the axon (correct)
To increase the strength of the electrical impulse
To reduce the number of action potentials generated

What is the term for the minimum amount of stimulation required to generate an action potential?

Synaptic potential
Action potential
Threshold potential (correct)
Resting potential

What is the primary function of the dendrites in a neuron?

To transmit signals towards the cell body (B) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the membrane potential of a neuron during repolarization?

It becomes more negative (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the 'all or none' principle of action potential generation?

All or none law (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of voltage-gated calcium channels in synaptic transmission?

To allow the flow of calcium ions into the terminal buttons (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following neurotransmitters is involved in regulating motor behavior, motivation, pleasure, and emotional arousal?

Dopamine (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of an agonist on a neurotransmitter?

It enhances or mimics the action of the neurotransmitter (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the synaptic cleft?

To allow the binding of neurotransmitters to specific receptors on the postsynaptic neuron (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of an excitatory neurotransmitter on the membrane potential of the postsynaptic neuron?

It causes the membrane potential to become more positive (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) over electroencephalography (EEG)?

fMRI has better spatial resolution than EEG (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which area of the brain is responsible for language production and processing of speech?

Broca's Area (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of damage to Broca's Area in the brain?

Halting speech and difficulty in forming sentences (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Corpus Callosum in the brain?

To connect the two cerebral hemispheres (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the dominance of one hemisphere of the brain over the other in terms of function?

Laterization (D) Signup and view all the answers

Who established the neuron as the basic unit of nervous structure?

Santiago Ramón y Cajal (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a cell that specializes in receiving and transmitting information?

Neuron (C) Signup and view all the answers

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