34 Questions
What type of neurons are responsible for transmitting impulses from sensory receptors to the central nervous system?
Sensory neurons
Where are the cell bodies of most sensory neurons located?
In the peripheral nervous system
What type of neurons have cell bodies that reside in the central nervous system?
Interneurons
What is the primary function of interneurons?
To integrate and process information from sensory neurons
What type of neurons are multipolar?
All of the above
What is the term for the pathway of neurons that complete the communication between sensory and motor neurons?
Association pathway
What is the function of the axon?
Transmitting information to other neurons
What is the purpose of myelin on axons?
To speed up the action potential
What is the term for the ability of neurons to respond to a stimulus and convert it to an action potential?
Electrical excitability
What is the term for the swollen ends of some axon terminals?
Synaptic end bulbs
What type of neurons have several dendrites and one axon?
Multipolar
What is the term for neurons that transmit information from sensory receptors to the CNS?
Sensory neurons
What is the primary function of synapses?
To facilitate communication between neurons or between a neuron and another cell
What type of synapse allows for the synchronization of function?
Electrical synapse
What is the term for the space between the communicating neurons in a chemical synapse?
Synaptic cleft
What type of neurotransmitter is involved in emotional responses, addictive behaviors, and skeletal muscle tone?
Dopamine
What type of neuroglial cell forms the myelin sheath of CNS neurons?
Oligodendrocytes
What is the function of the blood-brain barrier?
To protect the brain from harmful substances
What type of neuroglial cell is involved in the removal of debris and phagocytosis of microbes?
Microglia
What is the term for a cluster of neuronal cell bodies in the CNS?
Nucleus
What part of the spinal cord tapers into a structure called the conus medullaris?
Spinal cord at L2
What is the term for the small tube in the centre of the spinal cord that contains cerebrospinal fluid?
Central canal
What is the function of the anterior horn in the spinal cord?
Contains motor nuclei
What is the function of the lateral horn in the spinal cord?
Contains sympathetic nuclei
What is the function of the dorsal horn in the spinal cord?
Consists of sensory neurons and interneurons
What is the function of the reticular formation in the brain stem?
A net-like structure that extends through the brainstem
What is the function of the pons?
Involved in reflex visual activities
What is the function of the medulla oblongata?
Contains centres for the control of heart rate, blood pressure, breathing, swallowing, and vomiting
What is the path of an axon that travels up to the brain as part of a sensory tract?
Dorsal root ganglion to dorsal horn to white matter
Which part of the spinal cord receives the sensory input from the dorsal root ganglion?
Dorsal horn
Which type of motor output involves the lateral horn and anterior root?
Autonomic motor output
Which direction does the axon of a somatic motor neuron extend after synapsing with the motor tract?
centrifugally towards the spinal nerve
What is the role of the dorsal root ganglion in the processing of sensory input?
To receive and process sensory input from peripheral receptors
What is the destination of the axon that enters the dorsal horn and synapses with an interneuron?
The ventral horn as part of a spinal reflex pathway
This quiz covers the structure and function of neurons, including the axon, axon terminals, synaptic end bulbs, and myelin. Learn about the electrical excitability of neurons and how signals are transmitted. Test your knowledge of neuron biology!
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