Neuron Cell Parts Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is a neuron?

Nerve cell that carries impulses throughout the body

What are dendrites?

Short fibers that branch out from the cell body and pick up incoming messages

What is the nucleus?

A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction

What is an axon?

Long nerve fiber that conducts away from the cell body of the neuron Signup and view all the answers

What are axon terminals?

Branching fibers at the ends of axons Signup and view all the answers

What is the soma cell (cell body)?

The part of a neuron that contains the nucleus and where incoming signals are integrated Signup and view all the answers

What is a myelin sheath?

A layer of fatty tissue encasing a neuron's axon that speeds transmission Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Neuron Overview

A neuron is a nerve cell responsible for carrying impulses throughout the body, facilitating communication within the nervous system.

Dendrites

Dendrites are short, branching fibers extending from the neuron’s cell body that receive incoming signals and messages from other neurons.

Nucleus

The nucleus is a vital part of the neuron cell, containing DNA and RNA. It plays a crucial role in the growth and reproduction of the neuron.

Axon

The axon is a long nerve fiber that transmits electrical impulses away from the neuron's cell body to other neurons, muscles, or glands.

Axon Terminals

Axon terminals are the branching ends of axons, allowing for the connection and transmission of signals to adjacent cells.

Soma Cell (Cell Body)

The soma, or cell body, contains the nucleus and integrates incoming signals before passing them along the axon. It is essential for maintaining the cell's functions.

Myelin Sheath

The myelin sheath is a protective layer of fatty tissue that encases the axon, enhancing the speed of nerve impulse transmission and improving communication efficiency within the nervous system.

Description

Explore the essential parts and functions of neuron cells with these flashcards. Each card provides a key term and its definition, making it a helpful study tool for understanding neurobiology. Perfect for students learning about the nervous system.