Neurology: Cranial Nerves Introduction
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Questions and Answers

Which nerve supplies the muscles of mastication?

  • Trigeminal nerve (correct)
  • Facial nerve
  • Glossopharyngeal nerve
  • Vagus nerve

Which division of the trigeminal nerve is responsible for ophthalmic sensation?

  • V4
  • V1 (correct)
  • V2
  • V3

What type of lesions affect the peripheral nerve fibers?

  • Mixed motor neurone lesions
  • Lower motor neurone lesions (correct)
  • Upper motor neurone lesions
  • Sensory neurone lesions

Which nerve is responsible for the corneal reflex?

<p>Trigeminal nerve (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In lower motor neurone lesions, which part of the face is affected?

<p>The entire half (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes Bell's palsy?

<p>Parotid tumour (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the olfactory nerve?

<p>Sense of smell (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cranial nerve is the shortest and has a sensory component only?

<p>Olfactory (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can damage to the olfactory nerve result in?

<p>Complete loss of sense of smell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following cranial nerves is primarily responsible for innervating head and neck structures relevant to dentists?

<p>Facial nerve (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can cranial nerve pathology potentially be detected in routine dental examinations?

<p>Detecting abnormalities during oral inspections (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of asking a patient to identify a specific smell with one nostril occluded?

<p>To test olfactory nerve function (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the optic nerve?

<p>Transmission of sensory information from the retina to the brain (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is commonly associated with optic neuritis?

<p>Multiple sclerosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is fundoscopy typically performed in a medical setting?

<p>Using an ophthalmoscope (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the standard distance for conducting a formal visual acuity test with a Snellen chart?

<p>6 meters (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which visual field defect is classically observed in cases of acromegaly?

<p>Bitemporal hemianopia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During pupillary reflex testing, what is the purpose of shining a pen torch into one eye?

<p>To observe pupillary constriction of the same eye (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the principle role of the Glossopharyngeal nerve?

<p>Sensory to the tonsillar fossa and pharynx (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve is involved in hearing and balance?

<p>Vestibulocochlear nerve (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is sensorineural vs conductive deafness assessed?

<p>By performing the Rinne and Weber tests using a tuning fork (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes defects in the Vestibulocochlear nerve?

<p>Trauma and tumour (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve supplies the pharynx, larynx, and soft palate?

<p>Vagus nerve (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Patients with Glossopharyngeal nerve palsy are likely to have impaired __________.

<p>Gag reflex (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected outcome if a lesion is present in the hypoglossal nerve?

<p>The tongue deviates to the side of the lesion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is a deficit in the cranial nerves typically identified?

<p>By observing uvula deviation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cranial nerve is responsible for motor function of the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles?

<p>Accessory nerve (XI) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action should be taken if a patient with a potential cranial nerve lesion is asked to protrude their tongue and it deviates to one side?

<p>Look for muscle wasting on the lesion side (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In addition to motor function of the tongue, what other role does the hypoglossal nerve play?

<p>Heart rhythm regulation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is practice important before conducting a cranial nerve examination within a dental setting?

<p>To improve fluency and accuracy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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