Neurology Chapter on Stroke Causes

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary cause of ischemic stroke?

  • Loss of structural integrity in cells
  • Increased oxygen consumption
  • Decreased blood supply due to a clot (correct)
  • Vascular rupture

Which factor does NOT affect the degree of neurological damage caused by a stroke?

  • Time of lost blood flow
  • Temperature of the surrounding environment (correct)
  • Extent of the lost blood flow
  • Location of the blood flow loss

What percentage of the body's weight does the brain constitute?

  • 10%
  • 15%
  • 2% (correct)
  • 5%

What is the outcome when cerebral blood flow is interrupted for 4 to 5 minutes?

<p>Depletion of glucose, glycogen, and ATP (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the area surrounding dead or dying brain cells?

<p>Penumbra (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant risk factor for stroke among women?

<p>Pregnancy and early postpartum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the fourth leading cause of mortality in the United States?

<p>Stroke (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How often does someone experience a stroke in the United States?

<p>Every 40 seconds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of intracerebral hemorrhage?

<p>Bleeding from a ruptured intracranial aneurysm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common symptom of hemorrhagic stroke?

<p>Loss of consciousness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the clinical manifestation of a stroke?

<p>Onset of neurological deficits (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does hypertension contribute to the risk of stroke?

<p>By damaging vascular walls through prolonged high pressure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between intracerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage?

<p>Subarachnoid hemorrhage involves the cerebral ventricles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by contralateral deficit in the context of stroke?

<p>Loss of functions on the opposite side of the body from the brain injury (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of stroke results from a cerebral vascular blockage leading to brain infarction?

<p>Ischemic stroke (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions is considered a major risk factor for stroke?

<p>Obesity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What signals a transient ischemic attack (TIA)?

<p>Neurological deficits lasting less than 24 hours (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What lifestyle change is recommended to help prevent stroke?

<p>Engaging in regular exercise (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors contributes to an increased risk of stroke for women specifically?

<p>Hormonal contraceptive use (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical onset of deficits associated with an embolic stroke?

<p>Sudden and immediate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the inflammatory response during a hemorrhagic stroke?

<p>Presence of blood in the ventricles or subarachnoid space (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common cause of hemorrhagic stroke?

<p>Persistently elevated blood pressure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What typically happens during the formation of a thrombotic stroke?

<p>Blood flow is blocked in a vessel where the clot forms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ethnicity has a notably higher incidence of first-ever strokes in the U.S.?

<p>Black Americans (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended acronym for recognizing stroke symptoms?

<p>FAST (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which vessel is most commonly associated with thrombotic strokes?

<p>Internal carotid artery (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to tissue during a thrombotic stroke after 3 days?

<p>Maximum tissue damage occurs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of smoking on stroke risk?

<p>Decreases oxygenation of brain tissues (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor is NOT considered a risk factor for stroke?

<p>Recent weight loss (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant risk factor for developing an embolic stroke?

<p>Atrial fibrillation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be controlled to prevent or manage hypertension?

<p>Dietary cholesterol and saturated fats (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do embolic strokes commonly occur?

<p>Vessel bifurcations, including carotid and middle cerebral arteries (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following substances is associated with an increased risk of stroke?

<p>Anabolic steroids (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What describes lacunar strokes?

<p>Development in small, deep vessels leading to small cavities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of TIA in relation to stroke risk?

<p>They can precede an acute ischemic stroke (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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