Neurological Disorders Quiz

Neurological Disorders

Cerebrovascular Disorders

• Stroke: brain damage due to interruption of blood flow, can be ischemic (clot) or hemorrhagic (bleed)
• Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA): temporary interruption of blood flow, lasts <24 hours

Demyelinating Disorders

• Multiple Sclerosis (MS): autoimmune disease causing demyelination of CNS, leading to motor, sensory, and cognitive impairments
• Guillain-Barré Syndrome: autoimmune disorder causing demyelination of peripheral nerves, leading to muscle weakness and paralysis

Movement Disorders

• Parkinson's Disease: neurodegenerative disorder causing motor symptoms (tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia) due to dopamine deficiency
• Huntington's Disease: autosomal dominant disorder causing chorea (involuntary movements) and cognitive decline

Infections and Inflammatory Disorders

• Meningitis: infection of meninges, can be bacterial or viral
• Encephalitis: infection of brain tissue, can be viral or bacterial
• Abscesses: pockets of infection in the brain

Neurodegenerative Disorders

• Alzheimer's Disease: progressive cognitive decline due to amyloid plaques and tau protein accumulation
• Frontotemporal Dementia: progressive cognitive decline due to atrophy of frontal and temporal lobes

Seizure Disorders

• Epilepsy: chronic condition characterized by recurrent seizures
• Status Epilepticus: prolonged seizure lasting >30 minutes

Headache Disorders

• Migraine: recurrent headaches with aura, sensitivity to light and sound
• Tension Headache: most common type of headache, caused by muscle tension

Neurodevelopmental Disorders

• Autism Spectrum Disorder: neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by social, communication, and behavioral impairments
• Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity

Neurological Disorders

Cerebrovascular Disorders

• Stroke: occurs when brain damage results from interrupted blood flow to the brain, which can be caused by two primary mechanisms:
• Ischemic stroke: blood clot blocks an artery, restricting blood flow
• Hemorrhagic stroke: ruptured blood vessel causes bleeding in the brain
• Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA): temporary interruption of blood flow to the brain, often referred to as a "mini-stroke", lasting
• Brief, reversible neurological dysfunction due to temporary blockage of a blood vessel supplying the brain
• Can serve as a warning sign for a potential future stroke

Test your knowledge of neurological disorders, including cerebrovascular disorders like stroke and transient ischemic attack, as well as demyelinating disorders like multiple sclerosis and Guillain-Barré syndrome.