Neurological Assessment Upper Limb Instructions
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Questions and Answers

What is a key component of the neurological examination for Parkinson's disease?

  • Assessment of cerebellar dysfunction
  • Evaluation of cranial nerve damage
  • Testing for diabetic neuropathy
  • Exploration of medication history (correct)
  • Which neurological condition involves assessing for signs of postural instability?

  • Parkinson's disease (correct)
  • Peripheral neuropathy
  • Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
  • Amyloid neuropathy
  • What is a common feature in the history-taking for multiple sclerosis (MS)?

  • Assessment of diabetic neuropathy
  • Exploration of muscle weakness
  • Testing for tremors
  • Falls risk assessment (correct)
  • Which sign is specifically assessed in the clinical examination for multiple sclerosis (MS)?

    <p>Reflex loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key focus of the physical exam for peripheral neuropathy?

    <p>Assessments of diabetic neuropathy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of Parkinson's disease, what additional sign besides tremors and rigidity is important in establishing a diagnosis?

    <p>Postural instability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key point to remember when assessing pupils?

    <p>To assess with symmetry and look at both direct and consensual response to light</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common abnormality seen in eye movements indicative of myasthenia gravis?

    <p>Complex ophthalmoplegia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve is predominantly involved in finger-to-nose ataxia testing for cerebellar function?

    <p>Cranial nerve 12</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can pronator drift indicate when assessing tongue movements?

    <p>Contralateral lesion side in a stroke</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the brief neuro exam used when history taking fails to identify red flags for serious neuro pathology?

    <p>To confirm the patient's symptoms are not due to any occult pathology.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to keep the patient's head still during extraocular movement assessment?

    <p>To ensure accurate assessment of specific interocular muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What visual field defect may be identified when testing each quadrant individually?

    <p>Visual neglect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a limitation of using the brief neuro exam according to Dr. David Nicholl?

    <p>It may not be tailored to specific diseases like peripheral neuropathy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Dr. Ghaniah Hassan-Smith emphasize about the brief neuro exam in relation to history taking?

    <p>It doesn't need to be complicated to provide valuable information.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does Dr. David Nicholl suggest using the brief neuro exam after excluding pathology?

    <p>To rapidly assess the patient's neurological function comprehensively.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is testing gait considered critically important by Dr. Ghaniah Hassan-Smith?

    <p>It can reveal subtle motor dysfunction not evident in other exam components.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Dr. Ghaniah Hassan-Smith imply about a healthy gait?

    <p>It indicates normal motor function in the patient.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most sensitive test for early peripheral nerve dysfunction?

    <p>128 Hz tuning fork test for vibration sense</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When assessing power in the lower limbs, what action should the patient perform to test for clonus?

    <p>Bend the leg up</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does it suggest if, during assessment, a patient's ankle 'flies off the couch' when their leg is flexed at the hip?

    <p>Pyramidal tract or motor neurone problem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main instruction given to the patient to assess power in the upper limbs?

    <p>'Put your arms up like this, push me away'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a history is more suggestive of an upper motor neuron problem, what should be done during sensory testing?

    <p>Mapping out the sensory level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    To ensure a true reflection of power with elbow extension, what angle should be left at the elbow during assessment?

    <p>'Big enough angle'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which positioning is generally recommended to allow a patient to relax during tone assessment?

    <p>'Lying supine'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During reflex assessment, what action should be taken to ensure the patient is as relaxed as possible?

    <p>'Put hand under knee to take weight'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is suggested by an ankle flying off the couch when testing lower limb tone?

    <p>'Pyramidal tract or motor neurone problem'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which action should be performed to assess for clonus in the lower limbs?

    <p>'Bend your leg up'</p> Signup and view all the answers

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