40 Questions
What is the defining characteristic of spastic paraparetic gait?
Narrow step width and inwards rotation
What distinguishes cerebellar ataxic gait from other gait disorders?
Broadened base and marked irregularity
What is the characteristic feature of parkinsonian gait?
Shortened and mildly irregular step length
How does frontal gait disorder differ from other gait disorders?
Broad-based, short-stepped, irregular walking
What are the most common reasons for non-neurological gait disorders in adults?
Osteoarthritis and skeletal deformities
What is the defining characteristic of antalgic gait?
Walking as if there were a thorn in the sole of the foot
Why do patients with antalgic gait carry walking aids on the unaffected side?
To reduce load on the affected leg
What are typical causes of antalgic gait?
Painful conditions in the lower extremities
What type of gait disorder is characterized by a wider base than normal, reduced arm swing, and a slightly stooped posture?
Cautious gait
What may be tolerated better than walking downhill for individuals with lumbar spinal stenosis?
Walking uphill
What is the main clinical manifestation of cervical spondylotic myelopathy?
Stiff and paraparetic spastic gait
What characterizes spastic hemiparetic gait?
Dominance of the tonus in the upper limb flexor muscles
What non-surgical treatment method is mentioned for individuals with lumbar spinal stenosis?
Training how to lift the pelvis while standing and walking
What type of gait disorder is a relatively common cause of gait disturbance in the elderly due to degenerative changes in the cervical spine?
Cervical spondylotic myelopathy
What condition can result in a reduction of the diameter of the spinal canal and dural sac when the spine is extended?
Lumbar lordosis
What can be considered the maximum variant of cautious gait?
Phobic gait disorder
What is the characteristic movement of the paretic leg during the swing phase in Wernicke-Mann gait?
Circumduction
What type of gait disorder is observed when the muscle tone in the adductors causes a dragging movement of each leg?
Scissor gait
Which region of the cerebellum is predominantly responsible for the control of balance in humans?
Vermis
What test can be used to distinguish between sensory ataxia and cerebellar ataxia based on the loss of proprioception?
Romberg’s test
Which type of gait disorder may appear as broad based, insecure, and wobbly with irregular and variable leg movements?
Cerebellar ataxic gait
What type of gait disorder may have a stomping quality and may involve lifting the feet high due to a loss of proprioception?
Sensory ataxic gait
What type of treatment may be helpful for spastic paraparetic gait involving local botulinum toxin injections?
Botulinum toxin injections
What type of gait disorder may worsen on attempts to walk faster?
Spastic gait problems
What term is used to describe gait problems which are not explained by peripheral, pyramidal, cerebellar or basal ganglia lesions?
Higher level gait disorder
What may lead to a misdiagnosis of Parkinson’s disease, particularly if tremor is also present?
Lower body parkinsonism
What might cause gait problems by disrupting interhemispheric communication?
Lesions in the corpus callosum
What is a common cause of frontal gait disorders in older individuals?
Vascular lesions
What is a characteristic feature of patients with frontal gait disorders?
Broad step length
Which region of the brain is associated with grey matter atrophy in patients with higher level gait disorders?
Midbrain
What kind of walking aids need to be considered for patients with ataxic gait?
Customized canes
What kind of clinical tests increase insecurity in sensory ataxic gait?
Tandem walk and walking on uneven surfaces
What is the characteristic feature of Duchenne sign as a consequence of gluteus medius muscle weakness?
Dropping of the contralateral hemipelvis during the stance phase on the affected side
What type of gait disorder is observed when the muscles extending the hip joint are affected and the posture in that joint becomes flexed with increased lumbar lordosis?
Waddling gait
What is a common cause of intermittent claudication, where patients experience pain or cramps in the calves, feet, or thighs after walking a certain distance?
Neurogenic claudication
What is the distinguishing characteristic of steppage gait?
Inability to stand or walk on heels
Which orthopedic condition can cause a similar gait pattern as observed in Duchenne sign due to gluteus medius muscle weakness?
Posttraumatic elevation of the trochanter
What is a characteristic feature of patients with lumbar spinal stenosis related to neurogenic claudication?
Increased difficulty walking downhill compared to walking uphill
What is the distinguishing characteristic of spinal pain-related inhibited gait?
Avoidance of heel strike during early stance phase
What might be helpful for patients with pareses of the plantar flexors muscles?
Peroneal splints and orthopedic footwear
Explore the symptoms, causes, and characteristics of neurogenic claudication and lumbar spinal stenosis, including the effects of lumbar lordosis, spinal canal stenosis, and spondylolisthesis on walking and standing. Understand the associated deep muscular pain, sensory deficits, and paresis in the lower limbs.
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