24 Questions
Which type of bone has higher mineral density in weight-bearing individuals?
Trabecular bone
What is the consequence of energy deprivation in female athletes?
Disruption of menstrual cycle and hormones
What is the effect of exercise on bone mass in old age?
Helps decrease bone mass loss
What is the myth about exercise and growth in children?
Exercise stunts growth
What is the primary cause of Osgood-Schlatter disease?
Increase in tibial tuberosity
What type of bone experiences bigger loss in weight-bearing individuals during detraining?
Trabecular bone
What type of muscle adaptation is associated with sarcopenia?
Loss of muscle fibers (hypoplasia)
What type of training is associated with most of the cardiac adaptations?
Anaerobic resistance training
What is the potential effect of low total workload in resistance training?
Cardiovascular adaptations
What is the potential effect of resistance training on blood pressure at rest?
No significant change in blood pressure at rest
What is the primary cause of the 'Female Athlete Triad'?
Decrease in energy availability for the body
What is the effect of exercise on bone mass in middle age?
Helps maintain bone mass
What is the result of PGC-1a stimulation?
Increased mitochondria
What are the effects of resistance training on lipid profile?
Decreases LDL-C and raises HDL-C
What does the sympathetic nervous system stimulate during exercise?
Adrenal medulla
What is involved in energy production during exercise?
Lipolysis and glycogenolysis
What does the endocrine response to exercise involve?
Hormone levels, receptors, and plasma levels
Which hormone plays a key role in blood flow control and remodeling during exercise?
Growth hormone (GH)
What is the effect of exercise on hormone levels (except insulin)?
Decreased hormone levels
What do adipocytes release that affects fuel mobilization and appetite?
Adipokines, leptin, and catecholamines
What happens to hormone levels and insulin sensitivity due to exercise?
Decreased hormone levels (except insulin) and increased sensitivity to insulin
What are the effects of detraining on muscle size within Type 2 fibers?
May lead to loss of muscle size
What are the effects of mTORC stimulation?
Strength increase
What is the role of the neuroendocrine system in exercise?
Involves neurotransmitters, hormones, nervous system, and pituitary gland
Study Notes
Neuroendocrine System and Exercise: Key Points
- Concurrent exercise training shows attenuated strength increases compared to resistance training alone, but aerobic improvements are only slightly attenuated compared to endurance training alone
- PGC-1a stimulation results in increased mitochondria and mTORC stimulation results in strength increase
- Detraining retains strength adaptations and may lead to loss of muscle size within activity Type 2 fibers
- Resistance training decreases LDL-C, SBP, DBP, raises HDL-C, and has positive effects on metabolic syndrome/risk factors
- Neuroendocrine system involves neurotransmitters, hormones, nervous system, and pituitary gland
- Sympathetic nervous system increases heart rate and respiratory function, stimulates adrenal medulla, and enhances clot formation
- Energy production during exercise involves lipolysis and glycogenolysis
- Endocrine response to exercise involves hormone levels, receptors, and plasma levels
- Exercise plays a key role in fuel mobilization, blood flow control, and remodeling through hormones like testosterone, GH, and IGF
- Adipocytes release adipokines, leptin, and catecholamines, affecting fuel mobilization and appetite
- Exercise leads to decreased hormone levels (except insulin) and increased sensitivity to insulin, with changes in cardiovascular, muscle, and bone growth from growth hormone
- The endocrine system and training show attenuated metabolic responses, decrease in hormone levels (except insulin), and increased sensitivity to insulin, with decreased leptin levels.
Test your knowledge of the neuroendocrine system and its response to exercise with this quiz. Explore key points such as the impact of PGC-1a and mTORC stimulation, the effects of resistance training on metabolic syndrome risk factors, and the role of neurotransmitters and hormones in regulating physiological responses to exercise.
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