Neurodevelopmental Disorders Overview

What are neurodevelopmental disorders influenced by?

What is a key characteristic of ADHD according to the text?

When should behaviors associated with ADHD be present according to the text?

What is one of the reasons mentioned for ADHD in the text?

How are neurodevelopmental disorders diagnosed according to the text?

What is the most prevalent sex associated with ADHD?

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of Oppositional Defiant Disorder?

What is a potential cause of Conduct Disorder according to the text?

Which treatment approach incorporates social learning theory, attachment theory, and behavioral principles?

What percentage of people with ADHD have symptoms of Sluggish Cognitive Tempo (CDS)?

What is a risk factor for callous and unemotional traits in children?

What is a characteristic of Turner syndrome?

Which treatment is effective for neurogenetic disorders?

What is a common difficulty associated with Autism Spectrum Disorder?

Functional Impairment: Condition diagnosed before age 18, characterized by limited prosocial emotions, callousness, unconcerned about performance, and shallow or deficient affect. Levels of severity can be mild, moderate, or severe.
Prevalence: 2%-10% of population is affected, with a median of 4%. More common in boys than girls.
Callous and Unemotional Traits: Risk factors include undercontrolled temperament, low verbal IQ, parental rejection and neglect, and other trauma and inconsistent parenting.
Treatments: PCIT trauma treatment, behavioural management, social and empathy training, and mentalisation-based family therapy.
Autism Spectrum Disorder: Persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction, including non-verbal communicative behaviour and relationship development. Restricted, repetitive patterns of behaviour, interests, or activities.
Abilities and Prevalence: 1 in 100 children have autism, but abilities greatly differ from individual to individual. More common in boys than girls.
Difficulties: Problems with sensory processing, emotion processing (alexithymia), empathy, and executive functioning.
Highly effective treatments are available for autism, including behavioural management, skills training, and working with parents.
Neurogenetic Disorders: Examination of genetically defined disorders provides valuable information about the link between genes and psychiatric disorders/symptoms. Examples include Prader-Willi, Turner, Klinefelter, Fragile X, and Williams syndromes.
Prevalence and Characteristics: Each disorder has specific prevalence rates and associated symptoms. For example, Turner syndrome is characterized by stunted growth, heart problems, and poor visual/spatial abilities.
Treatments: Although there is no cure for neurogenetic disorders, treatments can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life.
Insights: Understanding neurogenetic disorders can provide valuable insights into the interplay between genetics and behaviour.

Test your knowledge on neurodevelopmental disorders including ADHD, Disruptive Behaviour Disorders, Autism, Neurogenetic, and Neurodiversity. Explore the differences between typical and atypical neurodevelopment, and the various explanations related to genetics, brain networks, cognitive processes, and social/cultural behaviors.