Neural Tube Defects
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Questions and Answers

Which condition is characterized by the failure of closure of the neural tube?

  • Meningomyelocele
  • Meningocele
  • Spina bifida occulta
  • Anencephaly (correct)
  • What is a characteristic feature of TORCH infections?

  • Microcephaly (correct)
  • Renal dysplasia
  • Polydactyly
  • Pulmonary hemorrhage
  • Which condition is characterized by herniation of meninges through a defect in the spinal column?

  • Hydrocephalus
  • Spina bifida
  • Meningocele (correct)
  • Anencephaly
  • What is a common feature of neural tube defects?

    <p>Increased α-fetoprotein levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to failure of posterior vertebral arches to close?

    <p>Spina bifida</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of hydrocephalus?

    <p>Congenital malformations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of hydrocephalus involves free flow of CSF between the ventricles and subarachnoid space?

    <p>Communicating hydrocephalus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is characterized by a downward displacement of the cerebellar tonsils through the foramen magnum?

    <p>Arnold-Chiari malformation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disorder is associated with excessive maternal alcohol intake during pregnancy?

    <p>Fetal alcohol syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic is found in tuberous sclerosis syndrome?

    <p>Nodular proliferations of multinucleated astrocytes forming tubers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common group of CNS disorders according to the text?

    <p>Cerebrovascular disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of arterial occlusion is most often caused by atherosclerosis?

    <p>Thrombosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most frequent site of embolic occlusion mentioned in the text?

    <p>Middle cerebral artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic lesion associated with lacunar strokes mentioned in the text?

    <p>Lacunae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What clinical manifestations are often seen in pure motor lacunar stroke according to the text?

    <p>Motor defects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common cause of intracerebral hemorrhage according to the text?

    <p>Hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which area is most commonly affected by intracerebral hemorrhage?

    <p>Basal ganglia/thalamus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of hemorrhage occurs in the subarachnoid space according to the text?

    <p>Berry aneurysm rupture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of hematoma is associated with a lucid interval followed by rapid signs of cerebral compression?

    <p>Epidural hematoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cause of subdural hematoma according to the text?

    <p>Venous bleeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

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