Neural Tube Defects

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Questions and Answers

Which condition is characterized by the failure of closure of the neural tube?

  • Meningomyelocele
  • Meningocele
  • Spina bifida occulta
  • Anencephaly (correct)

What is a characteristic feature of TORCH infections?

  • Microcephaly (correct)
  • Renal dysplasia
  • Polydactyly
  • Pulmonary hemorrhage

Which condition is characterized by herniation of meninges through a defect in the spinal column?

  • Hydrocephalus
  • Spina bifida
  • Meningocele (correct)
  • Anencephaly

What is a common feature of neural tube defects?

<p>Increased α-fetoprotein levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to failure of posterior vertebral arches to close?

<p>Spina bifida (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of hydrocephalus?

<p>Congenital malformations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hydrocephalus involves free flow of CSF between the ventricles and subarachnoid space?

<p>Communicating hydrocephalus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition is characterized by a downward displacement of the cerebellar tonsils through the foramen magnum?

<p>Arnold-Chiari malformation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which disorder is associated with excessive maternal alcohol intake during pregnancy?

<p>Fetal alcohol syndrome (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic is found in tuberous sclerosis syndrome?

<p>Nodular proliferations of multinucleated astrocytes forming tubers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common group of CNS disorders according to the text?

<p>Cerebrovascular disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of arterial occlusion is most often caused by atherosclerosis?

<p>Thrombosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most frequent site of embolic occlusion mentioned in the text?

<p>Middle cerebral artery (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic lesion associated with lacunar strokes mentioned in the text?

<p>Lacunae (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What clinical manifestations are often seen in pure motor lacunar stroke according to the text?

<p>Motor defects (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common cause of intracerebral hemorrhage according to the text?

<p>Hypertension (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which area is most commonly affected by intracerebral hemorrhage?

<p>Basal ganglia/thalamus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of hemorrhage occurs in the subarachnoid space according to the text?

<p>Berry aneurysm rupture (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of hematoma is associated with a lucid interval followed by rapid signs of cerebral compression?

<p>Epidural hematoma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the cause of subdural hematoma according to the text?

<p>Venous bleeding (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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