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Questions and Answers
Which type of tumor typically affects babies and very young individuals?
Which type of tumor typically affects babies and very young individuals?
Which type of tumor is usually located inside the cranium?
Which type of tumor is usually located inside the cranium?
Which type of tumor often has a poor outcome (malignant)?
Which type of tumor often has a poor outcome (malignant)?
Which type of tumor often secretes catecholamines, leading to high blood catecholamines?
Which type of tumor often secretes catecholamines, leading to high blood catecholamines?
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What are two differences between an oligodendrocyte and a Schwann cell?
What are two differences between an oligodendrocyte and a Schwann cell?
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What kind of neurons would you expect to find in the dorsal root ganglia?
What kind of neurons would you expect to find in the dorsal root ganglia?
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Name two locations where you would expect to find ganglia in the peripheral nervous system.
Name two locations where you would expect to find ganglia in the peripheral nervous system.
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Approximately how many neurons are in the brain?
Approximately how many neurons are in the brain?
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What is a Brodmann area?
What is a Brodmann area?
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Which part of the prefrontal cortex is nearest to the primary auditory cortex?
Which part of the prefrontal cortex is nearest to the primary auditory cortex?
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Which of the following is a function of an astrocyte?
Which of the following is a function of an astrocyte?
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What is the function of a microglial cell?
What is the function of a microglial cell?
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What is the function of an ependymal cell?
What is the function of an ependymal cell?
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What is the function of an oligodendrocyte?
What is the function of an oligodendrocyte?
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What is the function of a Schwann cell?
What is the function of a Schwann cell?
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What is the function of a satellite cell in the peripheral nervous system?
What is the function of a satellite cell in the peripheral nervous system?
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What kind of axon fibers have the fastest conduction velocity?
What kind of axon fibers have the fastest conduction velocity?
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What are four differences between glia and neurons?
What are four differences between glia and neurons?
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What is a histological trait that distinguishes an astrocyte?
What is a histological trait that distinguishes an astrocyte?
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What is a histological trait that distinguishes a microglial cell?
What is a histological trait that distinguishes a microglial cell?
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Which of the following is true about the central nervous system (CNS)?
Which of the following is true about the central nervous system (CNS)?
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What is the main function of neuroglia?
What is the main function of neuroglia?
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What is a Node of Ranvier?
What is a Node of Ranvier?
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What is the purpose of myelin?
What is the purpose of myelin?
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What is myelin primarily composed of?
What is myelin primarily composed of?
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What embryonic layer/tissue is the nervous system derived from?
What embryonic layer/tissue is the nervous system derived from?
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What is the function of a Node of Ranvier?
What is the function of a Node of Ranvier?
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What is the function of myelin?
What is the function of myelin?
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What is the difference between the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?
What is the difference between the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?
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Which of the following correctly defines the central nervous system (CNS)?
Which of the following correctly defines the central nervous system (CNS)?
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What is the main function of neuroglia?
What is the main function of neuroglia?
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What is a Node of Ranvier?
What is a Node of Ranvier?
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What is the purpose of myelin?
What is the purpose of myelin?
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Which embryonic layer/tissue is the nervous system derived from?
Which embryonic layer/tissue is the nervous system derived from?
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What are the two main components of the nervous system?
What are the two main components of the nervous system?
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What is the composition of myelin?
What is the composition of myelin?
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What does myelin do to the conduction velocity of action potentials?
What does myelin do to the conduction velocity of action potentials?
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What are the functions of the central nervous system (CNS)?
What are the functions of the central nervous system (CNS)?
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Which of the following is a function of astrocytes?
Which of the following is a function of astrocytes?
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What is the primary function of microglial cells?
What is the primary function of microglial cells?
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Which type of tumor is typically located outside the cranium?
Which type of tumor is typically located outside the cranium?
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What is the main function of oligodendrocytes?
What is the main function of oligodendrocytes?
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Which of the following is a function of ependymal cells?
Which of the following is a function of ependymal cells?
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What is the main function of Schwann cells?
What is the main function of Schwann cells?
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Which type of tumor often has a better prognosis (benign)?
Which type of tumor often has a better prognosis (benign)?
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What is the primary function of satellite cells in the peripheral nervous system?
What is the primary function of satellite cells in the peripheral nervous system?
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Which of the following is a function of neuroglia?
Which of the following is a function of neuroglia?
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What is the composition of myelin?
What is the composition of myelin?
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Which of the following is true about the enteric nervous system?
Which of the following is true about the enteric nervous system?
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Which type of neuron transmits sensory information to the brain or spinal cord?
Which type of neuron transmits sensory information to the brain or spinal cord?
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Which of the following is true about motor ganglia?
Which of the following is true about motor ganglia?
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Which of the following is true about Brodmann areas?
Which of the following is true about Brodmann areas?
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What is the purpose of myelin?
What is the purpose of myelin?
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Which of the following is true about neuron classifications?
Which of the following is true about neuron classifications?
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Which type of neuron has one dendrite and one axon?
Which type of neuron has one dendrite and one axon?
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What is a chemical synapse?
What is a chemical synapse?
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What is the difference between convergent and divergent signaling in neurons?
What is the difference between convergent and divergent signaling in neurons?
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Which of the following is true about interneurons?
Which of the following is true about interneurons?
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Which type of cell myelinates multiple axons in the central nervous system (CNS)?
Which type of cell myelinates multiple axons in the central nervous system (CNS)?
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Which type of glial cell supports neuronal development and growth, protects neurons from harmful substances, and influences blood flow and the blood-brain barrier?
Which type of glial cell supports neuronal development and growth, protects neurons from harmful substances, and influences blood flow and the blood-brain barrier?
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Which type of glial cell is of mesodermal origin and functions as immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS)?
Which type of glial cell is of mesodermal origin and functions as immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS)?
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Which type of glial cell lines the brain's ventricles and the central canal of the spinal cord, and is involved in the production and maintenance of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?
Which type of glial cell lines the brain's ventricles and the central canal of the spinal cord, and is involved in the production and maintenance of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?
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Which type of glial cell performs a role in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) analogous to what astrocytes do in the central nervous system (CNS)?
Which type of glial cell performs a role in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) analogous to what astrocytes do in the central nervous system (CNS)?
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Which type of tumor is the largest group of primary tumors derived from glial cells and is usually highly malignant?
Which type of tumor is the largest group of primary tumors derived from glial cells and is usually highly malignant?
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Which type of tumor is most common in children and infants and is derived from neural crest cells from the sympathetic nervous system?
Which type of tumor is most common in children and infants and is derived from neural crest cells from the sympathetic nervous system?
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Which type of cell myelinates multiple axons in the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?
Which type of cell myelinates multiple axons in the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?
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Which type of cell supports neurons, regulates the exchange of materials between neurons and the interstitial fluid, and performs an analogous role to astrocytes in the PNS?
Which type of cell supports neurons, regulates the exchange of materials between neurons and the interstitial fluid, and performs an analogous role to astrocytes in the PNS?
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Which type of glial cell is involved in the production and maintenance of the myelin sheath in the central nervous system (CNS)?
Which type of glial cell is involved in the production and maintenance of the myelin sheath in the central nervous system (CNS)?
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What is the primary function of satellite cells in the peripheral nervous system?
What is the primary function of satellite cells in the peripheral nervous system?
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What is the primary function of microglial cells?
What is the primary function of microglial cells?
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Which type of glial cell lines the brain's ventricles and the central canal of the spinal cord, and is involved in the production and maintenance of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?
Which type of glial cell lines the brain's ventricles and the central canal of the spinal cord, and is involved in the production and maintenance of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?
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Study Notes
Neural Tissues: Key Concepts and Functions
- The central nervous system (CNS) consists of the brain and spinal cord, while the peripheral nervous system (PNS) includes everything else.
- The CNS is associated with cerebrospinal fluid and has different types of glial cells, such as oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells.
- The nervous system is derived from the ectoderm or neuroectoderm during embryonic development.
- Neuroglia, or glial cells, have functions such as protecting, nourishing, and supporting neurons. They also make myelin and regulate fluid and ion transport.
- Nodes of Ranvier are segments of axons that are not covered with myelin. They are excitable parts of the axon where action potentials occur and are important for saltatory conduction.
- Myelin is a protective substance surrounding axons that increases conduction velocity by reducing transmembrane conductance. It is mostly made up of lipid bilayers.
- Neurons have unique histological traits such as neurites (outgrowths), excitability (ability to have action potentials), and large cell bodies.
- Astrocytes have many processes and support nervous tissue. They also contribute to blood vessel control in the CNS and may be involved in the blood-brain barrier and tissue repair.
- Microglial cells function as immune defense in the CNS, protecting nervous tissue. They are part of the immune-privileged CNS and cannot tolerate inflammation.
- Ependymal cells form cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and control fluid and ion transport. They are organized as an epithelial layer and have cilia.
- Oligodendrocytes form myelin in the CNS, increasing conduction velocity and insulating axons.
- Schwann cells make myelin in the peripheral nervous system (PNS), increasing conduction velocity and insulating axons. They are wrapped around a single axon.
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Description
Test your knowledge on neural tissues with this practice quiz. Learn about the differences between the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and their associated components. Challenge yourself to identify key characteristics of neural cells such as oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells. Contact Dr. Harry Witchel for comments or suggestions.
