Neural Signaling Process

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What is the first step in the neural signaling process?

Action by effectors

Reception of information by a sensory receptor (correct)

Transmission by an efferent neuron

Integration by interneurons in the central nervous system

What type of neurons transmit information from the sensory receptors to the central nervous system?

Interneurons

Afferent neurons (correct)

Motor neurons

Efferent neurons

What is the function of glial cells in the nervous system?

To transmit electrical and chemical signals

To integrate information in the central nervous system

To detect external stimuli

To support and nourish neurons (correct)

What is the main function of the dendrites of a neuron?

To receive stimuli and send signals to the cell body Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the myelin sheath in the nervous system?

To insulate axons Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for gaps in the myelin sheath?

Nodes of Ranvier Signup and view all the answers

What is a group of neuron cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system called?

Ganglion Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of interneurons in the central nervous system?

To integrate information in the CNS Signup and view all the answers

What is the final step in the neural signaling process?

Action by effectors Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a bundle of axons wrapped in connective tissue?

Nerve Signup and view all the answers

What happens to incoming neural signals during integration?

They are summed Signup and view all the answers

What type of associations allow complex neural circuits to be formed?

Convergence and divergence Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of a single neuron being affected by converging signals from two or more presynaptic neurons?

Convergence Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of a single presynaptic neuron stimulating many postsynaptic neurons?

Divergence Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of reverberating circuits in the CNS?

Maintaining rhythmic breathing and mental alertness Signup and view all the answers

What is necessary for reverberating circuits to function?

Positive feedback Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of positive feedback in reverberating circuits?

New impulses are generated Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of convergence in neural circuits?

It allows the CNS to integrate information from various sources Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between convergence and divergence?

Convergence is when many neurons affect one, while divergence is when one affects many Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of reverberating circuits in the CNS?

To regulate rhythmic activities and mental processes Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of astrocytes in the CNS?

Physically supporting neurons and regulating extracellular fluid Signup and view all the answers

Which type of glial cell forms myelin sheaths around axons in the PNS?

Schwann cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the sodium-potassium pump in neurons?

To maintain the resting potential Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the voltage difference across the plasma membrane of a resting neuron?

Resting potential Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a local response in a neuron that varies in magnitude depending on the strength of the stimulus?

Graded potential Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which the strength of incoming signals is summed to determine the firing of a neuron?

Neural integration Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the type of synapse where the neurotransmitter is released from the presynaptic neuron and binds to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron?

Chemical synapse Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the binding of a neurotransmitter to a receptor on the postsynaptic neuron?

Binding of neurotransmitter to a receptor Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which the strength of an incoming signal is increased or decreased by the summation of multiple EPSPs or IPSPs?

Spatial summation Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the period of time during which an axon is unable to transmit another action potential?

Refractory period Signup and view all the answers