Neural Fate Induction in Blastopore Cells Quiz

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

What is the process that involves the need for a part of the embryo to give rise to the nervous system?

Neural Induction

Which cells are involved in the process of Cortical Lamination to develop different layers of the brain?

Neural Crest Cells

What are the two main components of the nervous system?

Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System

What are the model organisms used in the early development of the nervous system?

xenopus, drosophila, c.elegans, zebrafish, chick, mice Signup and view all the answers

What is the final stage in the early development of the nervous system?

Formation of Brain Signup and view all the answers

What type of nerves are involved in the Peripheral Nervous System?

Autonomic, sympathetic, motor, and sensory nerves Signup and view all the answers

What signals favor neural fate by blocking BMP signaling?

Organizer-derived signals Signup and view all the answers

Which molecules induce the formation of neural tissue that gives rise to the forebrain?

Chordin, Noggin, and Follistatin Signup and view all the answers

What additional signals are needed to establish caudal neural tissue?

FGFs (Fibroblast Growth Factors) and Retinoic Acid Signup and view all the answers

What type of molecules are needed in the posterior side of the neural tube for its formation?

Signaling molecules Signup and view all the answers

What is the dependency of Rostral-Caudal segmentation of the neural tube?

Hox genes Signup and view all the answers

How does BMP signaling affect Neural Induction?

BMP signaling blocks Neural Induction Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which a region of the embryo interacts with another region and influences its fate or behavior?

Neural Induction Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the specific region of the embryo that can induce the formation of the neural plate?

Organizer Region Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of improper closure of the neural tube during development?

Neural Tube Defects Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of folic acid in preventing neural tube defects?

Supplementing mother’s diet with folic acid leads to 50-70% decrease in risk factor Signup and view all the answers

What are the three germ layers that are created during gastrulation?

Ectoderm, Mesoderm, Endoderm Signup and view all the answers

What structures arise from the mesoderm germ layer?

Bones, muscles, heart, blood Signup and view all the answers

What structures arise from the ectoderm germ layer?

Skin, CNS, PNS, NEURAL CREST Signup and view all the answers

What is the stepwise process to form the neural plate during neurulation?

Formation → Bending → Elevation → Fusion of neural folds Signup and view all the answers

Which specific region of the embryo secretes neuralizing factors?

Organizer Region Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which a specific region of the embryo induces the overlying ectoderm to become the Neural Plate ectoderm?

Neural Induction Signup and view all the answers

What is the default fate of neural cells according to experiments in the late 1980s by Grunz and Tacke?

Neural identity Signup and view all the answers

What happens when neural cells receive low concentrations of BMP signaling?

They have a neural fate instead of epidermal fate Signup and view all the answers

What signals inhibit the neural fate of ectodermal cells?

Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule has the ability to rescue UV-induced ventralization of embryos?

Noggin Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Chordin in neural development?

Chordin induces expression of neural markers and can lead to the formation of a secondary neural tube. Signup and view all the answers

How do organizer-derived inducers promote neural fate?

Organizer-derived molecules bind to BMPs and block them from signaling, allowing neural fate to be induced. Signup and view all the answers

What is the default fate of cells in terms of neural and epidermal fate?

Neural fate is the default fate, and cells must receive a BMP signal to achieve epidermal fate. Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule is expressed in the dorsal mesoderm and in the organizer?

Noggin Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Follistatin in neural development?

Follistatin neuralizes animal cap explants and induces expression of neural markers. Signup and view all the answers

What happens when BMP-4 signaling is blocked?

Blocking BMP-4 signaling leads to the formation of two dorsal axes. Signup and view all the answers

How do Noggin, Chordin, and Follistatin interact with BMPs?

They bind to BMPs and prevent them from signaling. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Noggin, Chordin, and Follistatin in neural development?

They are organizer-derived molecules that prevent BMPs from binding to their receptor, promoting neural fate. Signup and view all the answers

What evidence supports Noggin as a neural inducer?

Noggin directly neutralizes ectodermal tissue in the absence of mesoderm and induces expression of neural markers. Signup and view all the answers

How do BMPs influence the fate of ectodermal cells?

BMPs normally inhibit neural fate to generate epidermal cells. Signup and view all the answers