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Questions and Answers
What are the regulatory mechanisms governing breathing patterns called?
What are the regulatory mechanisms governing breathing patterns called?
Neural controls of respiration
What does arterial pH influence in the respiratory system?
What does arterial pH influence in the respiratory system?
Respiratory rate based on acidity levels
What does the partial pressure of oxygen determine for respiration?
What does the partial pressure of oxygen determine for respiration?
Oxygen availability for respiration
What does the partial pressure of carbon dioxide regulate?
What does the partial pressure of carbon dioxide regulate?
What are automatic responses to lung irritants or changes called?
What are automatic responses to lung irritants or changes called?
What is conscious control over breathing patterns known as?
What is conscious control over breathing patterns known as?
How do emotions affect respiration?
How do emotions affect respiration?
What is increased breathing depth during exercise called?
What is increased breathing depth during exercise called?
What does rapid breathing leading to decreased CO2 indicate?
What does rapid breathing leading to decreased CO2 indicate?
What are physiological adjustments to reduced oxygen levels known as?
What are physiological adjustments to reduced oxygen levels known as?
What are conditions causing airflow obstruction called?
What are conditions causing airflow obstruction called?
What are conditions limiting lung expansion classified as?
What are conditions limiting lung expansion classified as?
What is inflammation of bronchial tubes causing mucus production called?
What is inflammation of bronchial tubes causing mucus production called?
What does destruction of alveoli leading to reduced gas exchange indicate?
What does destruction of alveoli leading to reduced gas exchange indicate?
What is airway inflammation causing wheezing and breathlessness called?
What is airway inflammation causing wheezing and breathlessness called?
What is the continuous tube from the mouth to the anus called?
What is the continuous tube from the mouth to the anus called?
What are accessory organs aiding food breakdown known as?
What are accessory organs aiding food breakdown known as?
What is the movement of food through the digestive tract called?
What is the movement of food through the digestive tract called?
What are wave-like muscle contractions moving food forward known as?
What are wave-like muscle contractions moving food forward known as?
What is the mixing of food in the intestines for digestion called?
What is the mixing of food in the intestines for digestion called?
What is the innermost layer of the GI tract called?
What is the innermost layer of the GI tract called?
What is the connective tissue layer containing vessels and nerves called?
What is the connective tissue layer containing vessels and nerves called?
What is the muscle layer responsible for peristalsis and segmentation called?
What is the muscle layer responsible for peristalsis and segmentation called?
What is the outer protective layer of the GI tract called?
What is the outer protective layer of the GI tract called?
What is the membrane lining the abdominal cavity and organs called?
What is the membrane lining the abdominal cavity and organs called?
What covers the digestive organs' external surfaces?
What covers the digestive organs' external surfaces?
What lines the abdominal cavity wall?
What lines the abdominal cavity wall?
What is the blood supply to digestive organs from the aorta called?
What is the blood supply to digestive organs from the aorta called?
What carries blood from digestive organs to the liver?
What carries blood from digestive organs to the liver?
What is the nerve network regulating GI tract functions?
What is the nerve network regulating GI tract functions?
What nerve plexus controls GI tract motility?
What nerve plexus controls GI tract motility?
What nerve plexus regulates digestive secretions?
What nerve plexus regulates digestive secretions?
How is digestive activity regulated?
How is digestive activity regulated?
Flashcards
Neural controls of respiration
Neural controls of respiration
Regulatory mechanisms governing breathing patterns.
Arterial pH influence
Arterial pH influence
Affects respiratory rate based on acidity levels.
Partial pressure of oxygen
Partial pressure of oxygen
Determines oxygen availability for respiration.
Partial pressure of carbon dioxide
Partial pressure of carbon dioxide
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Lung reflexes
Lung reflexes
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Volition in respiration
Volition in respiration
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Emotions affecting respiration
Emotions affecting respiration
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Hyperpnea
Hyperpnea
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Hyperventilation
Hyperventilation
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Acclimatization to altitude
Acclimatization to altitude
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Obstructive pulmonary diseases
Obstructive pulmonary diseases
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Restrictive pulmonary diseases
Restrictive pulmonary diseases
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Chronic bronchitis
Chronic bronchitis
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Emphysema
Emphysema
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Asthma
Asthma
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Gastrointestinal tract
Gastrointestinal tract
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Digestive organs
Digestive organs
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Motility
Motility
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Peristalsis
Peristalsis
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Segmentation
Segmentation
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Mucosa
Mucosa
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Submucosa
Submucosa
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Muscularis
Muscularis
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Serosa
Serosa
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Peritoneum
Peritoneum
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Visceral peritoneum
Visceral peritoneum
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Parietal peritoneum
Parietal peritoneum
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Splanchnic circulation
Splanchnic circulation
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Hepatic portal circulation
Hepatic portal circulation
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Enteric nervous system
Enteric nervous system
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Study Notes
Neural Controls of Respiration
- Breathing patterns are governed by regulatory mechanisms.
Arterial pH Influence
- Respiratory rate is affected based on acidity levels.
Partial Pressure of Oxygen
- Oxygen availability for respiration is determined.
Partial Pressure of Carbon Dioxide
- Breathing is regulated based on CO2 levels.
Lung Reflexes
- Automatic responses to lung irritants or changes occur.
Volition in Respiration
- Conscious control exists over breathing patterns.
Emotions Affecting Respiration
- Breathing rate is altered by stress or excitement.
Hyperpnea
- Breathing depth increases during exercise.
Hyperventilation
- Rapid breathing leads to decreased CO2 levels.
Acclimatization to Altitude
- Physiological adjustments occur due to reduced oxygen levels.
Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases
- Airflow obstruction is caused by conditions such as asthma.
Restrictive Pulmonary Diseases
- Lung expansion is limited by conditions such as fibrosis.
Chronic Bronchitis
- Inflammation of bronchial tubes causes mucus production.
Emphysema
- Destruction of alveoli leads to reduced gas exchange.
Asthma
- Airway inflammation causes wheezing and breathlessness.
Gastrointestinal Tract
- A continuous tube extends from the mouth to the anus.
Digestive Organs
- Accessory organs aid in food breakdown.
Motility
- Food moves through the digestive tract.
Peristalsis
- Wave-like muscle contractions move food forward.
Segmentation
- Food is mixed in the intestines for digestion.
Mucosa
- The innermost layer of the GI tract.
Submucosa
- A connective tissue layer containing vessels and nerves.
Muscularis
- The muscle layer is responsible for peristalsis and segmentation.
Serosa
- The outer protective layer of the GI tract.
Peritoneum
- A membrane lines the abdominal cavity and organs.
Visceral Peritoneum
- Covers the external surfaces of digestive organs.
Parietal Peritoneum
- Lines the abdominal cavity wall.
Splanchnic Circulation
- Blood is supplied to digestive organs from the aorta.
Hepatic Portal Circulation
- Blood is carried from digestive organs to the liver.
Enteric Nervous System
- A nerve network regulates GI tract functions.
Myenteric Plexus
- A nerve plexus controls GI tract motility.
Submucosal Plexus
- A nerve plexus regulates digestive secretions.
Digestive Activity Regulation
- Digestive activity is controlled by neurons, hormones, and stimuli.
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Description
Explore the intricate neural and chemical mechanisms governing respiration. Understand how factors like arterial pH, oxygen and carbon dioxide levels, and lung reflexes influence breathing patterns. Learn about hyperpnea, hyperventilation, and acclimatization to altitude.
