Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a self-care deficit?
What is a self-care deficit?
Which nursing system is designed for individuals who need to learn to perform self-care measures?
Which nursing system is designed for individuals who need to learn to perform self-care measures?
What is a major assumption of the theory discussed?
What is a major assumption of the theory discussed?
Which category of self-care requisites is common to all people?
Which category of self-care requisites is common to all people?
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Which nursing system is required for individuals unable to perform some, but not all, self-care activities?
Which nursing system is required for individuals unable to perform some, but not all, self-care activities?
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What type of demands do health deviation requisites result from?
What type of demands do health deviation requisites result from?
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According to Neuman's Systems Model, what is the primary concern of nursing?
According to Neuman's Systems Model, what is the primary concern of nursing?
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What are the three relevant environments in Neuman's Systems Model?
What are the three relevant environments in Neuman's Systems Model?
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What is the Normal Line of Defense in Neuman's Systems Model?
What is the Normal Line of Defense in Neuman's Systems Model?
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What do Lines of Resistance represent in Neuman's Systems Model?
What do Lines of Resistance represent in Neuman's Systems Model?
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In Neuman's Systems Model, what does the Flexible Line of Defense act as?
In Neuman's Systems Model, what does the Flexible Line of Defense act as?
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What is the major assumption of Neuman's Systems Model?
What is the major assumption of Neuman's Systems Model?
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What is a nursing theory?
What is a nursing theory?
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What is the main purpose of nursing theories?
What is the main purpose of nursing theories?
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What do concepts refer to in nursing theories?
What do concepts refer to in nursing theories?
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What do assumptions in nursing theories refer to?
What do assumptions in nursing theories refer to?
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According to Orem’s self-care deficit theory, how do nurses assist patients?
According to Orem’s self-care deficit theory, how do nurses assist patients?
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What does Orem’s self-care deficit theory focus on?
What does Orem’s self-care deficit theory focus on?
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Study Notes
Ground Rules
- At the end of the course, the student should be able to:
- Summarize the evolution of nursing globally and locally
- Differentiate the roles of nurses in patient care
Theories in Nursing Profession
- A theory is a supposition or system of ideas that explains a given phenomenon
- Nursing theory is a conceptualization of some aspect of nursing that describes, explains, predicts, or prescribes nursing care
Orem's Self-Care Deficit Theory
- Helps to explain how patients meet their own therapeutic self-care demands
- Shows how nurses assist patients by acting for them or guiding necessary physical and/or psychological support
- Self-care requisites (self-care needs) are measures or actions taken to provide self-care
- Therapeutic self-care demand refers to actions to maintain health and well-being
- 3 categories of self-care requisites:
- Universal requisites: common to all people
- Developmental requisites: result from maturation or are associated with conditions or events
- Health deviation requisites: result from illness, injury, or disease or its treatment
- Self-care deficit occurs when self-care agency is not adequate to meet the known self-care demand
- 3 types of nursing systems:
- Wholly compensatory systems: for individuals who are unable to control and monitor their environment and process information
- Partly compensatory systems: for individuals who are unable to perform some, but not all, self-care activities
- Supportive-educative (developmental) systems: for persons who need to learn to perform self-care measures and need assistance to do so
- Major assumptions of the theory:
- People should be self-reliant and responsible for their care, as well as others in their family who need care
- People are distinct individuals
- Nursing is a form of action and interaction between two or more people
- Successfully meeting universal and development self-care requisites is an important component of primary care prevention and ill health
- A person's knowledge of potential health problems is needed for promoting self-care behaviors
- Self-care and dependent care are behaviors learned within a sociocultural context
Neuman's Systems Model
- Developed by Betty Neuman (1924-2012), a community health nurse and clinical psychologist
- Based on the individual's relationship to stress
- Patients are cared for from a holistic perspective to ensure they are cared for as people and not simply ailments
- Person and Environment:
- Open system that interacts with internal and external environment forces or stressors
- Constantly changing, moving toward a dynamic state of system stability or illness of varying degrees
- Three relevant environments: internal, external, and created
- Nursing Health:
- Primary concern is to define the appropriate action in situations that are stress-related or concerning possible reactions of the client or client system to stressors
- Condition or degree of system stability viewed as a continuum from wellness to illness
- Lines of resistance:
- Internal factors that help the client defend against a stressor (e.g., increased WBC to combat infection)
- Normal line of defense: state of equilibrium client's usual level of wellness
- Flexible line of defense: protective buffer that prevents stressors from penetrating the normal line of defense
- Major assumptions of the theory:
- The patient is in dynamic, constant energy exchange with the environment
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Description
Test your knowledge on the Neuman's Systems Model, a theory focused on patient care from a holistic perspective. Learn about the concepts of person-environment interaction and stressors in healthcare.
