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Questions and Answers
An IPv6 address is made up of how many bits?
An IPv6 address is made up of how many bits?
128
Which Application-layer protocol provides remote access to a Windows computer via a GUI?
Which Application-layer protocol provides remote access to a Windows computer via a GUI?
RDP
If a protocol is routable, which TCP/IP layer does it operate at?
If a protocol is routable, which TCP/IP layer does it operate at?
Internetwork
Which Application-layer protocol is used to monitor and manage network devices, and what Transport-layer protocol does it use?
Which Application-layer protocol is used to monitor and manage network devices, and what Transport-layer protocol does it use?
Which TCP/IP model layer takes a large chunk of data from the Application layer and breaks it into smaller segments?
Which TCP/IP model layer takes a large chunk of data from the Application layer and breaks it into smaller segments?
Which of the following protocols resolves logical addresses to physical addresses?
Which of the following protocols resolves logical addresses to physical addresses?
Which of the following protocols provides connectionless service?
Which of the following protocols provides connectionless service?
If you want to design an Application-layer protocol that provides fast, efficient communication and doesn't work with large amounts of data, what Transport-layer protocol would you design it to use?
If you want to design an Application-layer protocol that provides fast, efficient communication and doesn't work with large amounts of data, what Transport-layer protocol would you design it to use?
Which of the following is the term for identifying packets used by TCP to establish a connection?
Which of the following is the term for identifying packets used by TCP to establish a connection?
What element of a DHCP server uses the client MAC address to ensure that the client is leased the same address each time it requests an IP address?
What element of a DHCP server uses the client MAC address to ensure that the client is leased the same address each time it requests an IP address?
Which of the following is the first packet sent when a computer wants to lease an IP address?
Which of the following is the first packet sent when a computer wants to lease an IP address?
Which of the following IPv6 features is an enhancement to IPv4?
Which of the following IPv6 features is an enhancement to IPv4?
Which protocol can configure a computer's IP address and subnet mask automatically?
Which protocol can configure a computer's IP address and subnet mask automatically?
What type of packets are transmitted between DHCP client and server when a client is initially leasing an IP address?
What type of packets are transmitted between DHCP client and server when a client is initially leasing an IP address?
Which of the following accurately describes the .edu in the FQDN www.yc.edu?
Which of the following accurately describes the .edu in the FQDN www.yc.edu?
What's another name for a DNS client?
What's another name for a DNS client?
What type of resource record is an alias for another record?
What type of resource record is an alias for another record?
When a Windows computer is configured to use DHCP but no DHCP server is available, what type of address is configured automatically for it?
When a Windows computer is configured to use DHCP but no DHCP server is available, what type of address is configured automatically for it?
Where does a DNS server look when it can't resolve a query from its zone records or cache?
Where does a DNS server look when it can't resolve a query from its zone records or cache?
What does the Transport layer use to identify source and destination Application-layer protocols?
What does the Transport layer use to identify source and destination Application-layer protocols?
Which of the following Application-layer protocols typically uses the UDP Transport-layer protocol?
Which of the following Application-layer protocols typically uses the UDP Transport-layer protocol?
Which is the correct order of headers, from left to right, in a completed frame?
Which is the correct order of headers, from left to right, in a completed frame?
Which of the following is a task performed by the Network access layer?
Which of the following is a task performed by the Network access layer?
What field of the IP header does the tracert program use to get the IP address of routers in the path?
What field of the IP header does the tracert program use to get the IP address of routers in the path?
Which of the following is not found in a connectionless Transport-layer protocol?
Which of the following is not found in a connectionless Transport-layer protocol?
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Study Notes
IPv6 and Protocols
- An IPv6 address consists of 128 bits, providing a vastly larger address space compared to IPv4.
- RDP (Remote Desktop Protocol) allows remote access to Windows computers via a graphical user interface (GUI).
- A routable protocol operates at the Internetwork layer of the TCP/IP model.
Application and Transport Layer Protocols
- SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) is utilized for monitoring and managing network devices and employs UDP as its Transport-layer protocol.
- The Transport layer's primary function is segmenting large data from the Application layer into smaller, manageable pieces.
Address Resolution and Connection Types
- ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) resolves logical IP addresses to physical MAC addresses.
- Connectionless services are provided by protocols IP and UDP, which do not establish a dedicated end-to-end connection.
DHCP and IP Addressing
- UDP is ideal for designing a fast, efficient Application-layer protocol that does not require handling large data volumes.
- The Three-way handshake is the term for the process TCP uses to establish a connection between devices.
- DHCP Reservation ensures a client receives the same IP address by associating it with the client's MAC address.
- The first packet in the DHCP leasing process is called DHCP Discover, which initiates the request for an IP address.
IPv6 Features and DNS
- IPv6 enhances features of IPv4, including a larger address space and built-in security measures.
- DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) automatically configures a computer's IP address and subnet mask.
- Initial leasing between DHCP client and server occurs through broadcast packets.
Domain Naming System (DNS)
- In the Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) www.yc.edu, ".edu" is categorized as a top-level domain.
- A DNS client, also known as a resolver, queries DNS servers for domain resolution.
- The CNAME (Canonical Name) record serves as an alias for another DNS record.
- When a DHCP-enabled Windows computer cannot find a DHCP server, it automatically configures an APIPA (Automatic Private IP Addressing).
DNS Query Process
- When a DNS server fails to resolve a query using its zone records or cache, it resorts to root hints for further assistance.
- The Transport layer identifies source and destination Application-layer protocols using port numbers.
Use of UDP in Application Layer Protocols
- DNS and DHCP are examples of Application-layer protocols that typically use the UDP Transport-layer protocol.
Frame and Layer Functions
- The correct order of headers in a completed network frame is: frame, IP header, and then UDP header.
- The Network Access layer tasks include transmitting and receiving bit signals and verifying that incoming frames reach the correct destination MAC address.
- The TTL (Time to Live) field in the IP header is utilized by the tracert program to determine the IP addresses of routers along the path.
- Connectionless Transport-layer protocols do not include acknowledgments or a three-way handshake process.
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