Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the main function of a router in a network?
What is the main function of a router in a network?
- Manages network security through encrypted tunnels.
- Connects devices within a LAN and facilitates communication.
- Converts data into different electrical signals for transmission.
- Directs data packets between different networks. (correct)
At which OSI layer does a switch primarily operate?
At which OSI layer does a switch primarily operate?
- Layer 2 (Data Link Layer) (correct)
- Layer 4 (Transport Layer)
- Layer 3 (Network Layer)
- Layer 1 (Physical Layer)
Which of the following best defines fault tolerance in networking?
Which of the following best defines fault tolerance in networking?
- The implementation of geographical data replication.
- The capacity to continue functioning despite a component failure. (correct)
- The process of encrypting data to safeguard against breaches.
- The ability to optimize performance using multipath routing.
What is the role of a Network Interface Card (NIC) in data transmission?
What is the role of a Network Interface Card (NIC) in data transmission?
Which protocol is utilized by routers to determine the best path for data packets?
Which protocol is utilized by routers to determine the best path for data packets?
Which function does redundancy provide in fault tolerance?
Which function does redundancy provide in fault tolerance?
What is a key benefit of using a VPN?
What is a key benefit of using a VPN?
When does a switch use MAC addresses?
When does a switch use MAC addresses?
Which of the following is NOT a use case for a VPN?
Which of the following is NOT a use case for a VPN?
What does load balancing achieve in a network?
What does load balancing achieve in a network?
Flashcards
What is a Router?
What is a Router?
A network device that connects multiple networks and directs data packets between them, allowing communication between devices on different networks.
What is a Switch?
What is a Switch?
A network device that connects devices within a single network (e.g., a local area network) and allows communication between them.
What is a Network Interface Card (NIC)?
What is a Network Interface Card (NIC)?
A hardware component that connects a device to a network, converting data into signals for transmission and vice versa.
What is Fault Tolerance in networking?
What is Fault Tolerance in networking?
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How is Redundancy used for Fault Tolerance?
How is Redundancy used for Fault Tolerance?
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How is Load Balancing used for Fault Tolerance?
How is Load Balancing used for Fault Tolerance?
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What are Failover Mechanisms?
What are Failover Mechanisms?
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How does RAID contribute to Fault Tolerance?
How does RAID contribute to Fault Tolerance?
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What is a Virtual Private Network (VPN)?
What is a Virtual Private Network (VPN)?
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What are the Use Cases of a VPN?
What are the Use Cases of a VPN?
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Study Notes
Routers and Switches: OSI Layers and Forwarding Decisions
- Routers connect multiple networks, directing data packets between them. They operate at Layer 3 (Network Layer) of the OSI model.
- Routers use IP addresses and routing tables (using protocols like OSPF, BGP, or RIP) to determine the best path for a packet to its destination.
- Switches connect devices within a single network (e.g., a LAN). They primarily operate at Layer 2 (Data Link Layer) but can also function at Layer 3.
- Switches use MAC addresses to forward data frames within the same network, ensuring that frames reach the correct destination device.
Network Interface Card (NIC)
- A NIC is a hardware component that provides the physical and logical interface for connecting to a network.
- It converts data from a device's signals to electrical, optical, or radio signals for transmission over the network (and vice versa).
Virtual Private Networks (VPNs)
- A VPN creates a secure, encrypted tunnel between a device and a network over the Internet.
- VPNs protect data by encrypting it, hiding user IP addresses and locations, and improving access to certain sites. This helps with privacy and bypassing geographic restrictions.
Fault Tolerance in Networks
- Fault tolerance is a network's ability to continue functioning despite a component failure.
- Redundancy (using multiple network devices) and load balancing (distributing traffic across connections), together with failover mechanisms, are used for fault tolerance.
RAID and High Availability Protocols
- RAID protects data storage by replicating data across multiple drives.
- High Availability protocols like HSRP (Hot Standby Router Protocol) and VRRP (Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol) are examples of protocols that are used for fault tolerance.
Packet-Switched Network Operation
- A packet-switched network breaks data into smaller packets.
- Each packet contains source and destination IP addresses.
- Packets are routed independently to their destinations based on network conditions.
- At the destination, packets are reassembled into the original data.
- This approach is efficient for bandwidth usage and adaptable to network fluctuations.
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