Networking Layers: Physical Layer and Data Link Layer

Which layer of the OSI model is responsible for identifying network protocols, performing error checking, and synchronizing frames?

In the OSI model, which layer uses MAC addresses to connect devices and define permissions to transmit and receive data?

What is the primary responsibility of the Physical Layer in the OSI model?

How does the OSI model help in troubleshooting network issues?

Which part of the network should networking software vendors define compatibility with according to the OSI model?

What is a key advantage of the OSI model for network device manufacturers?

What is the main responsibility of the session layer in networking?

Which layer of the OSI model is responsible for reassembling data segments on the receiving end?

What function does the network layer perform regarding routing packets in a network?

In the TCP/IP model, which layer is responsible for sending data at a rate that matches the connection speed of the receiving device?

What is the primary role of the data link layer in networking?

Which layer in networking is responsible for setting checkpoints during data transfer to enable resumption from the last checkpoint if a session is interrupted?

Which model was introduced in 1983 by representatives of major computer and telecom companies and adopted as an international standard in 1984?

Which layer of the OSI model is directly used by end-user software like web browsers and email clients?

Which layer of the OSI model is responsible for preparing data for the application layer by encoding, encrypting, and compressing it?

Which network model is the modern Internet based on, instead of the OSI model?

Which layer of the OSI model provides protocols like HTTP, FTP, POP, SMTP, and DNS for end-user software?

In terms of network communication, which layer is the OSI model 'top down' description starting from?