Networking Fundamentals Module 5 & 6

Module 5

• Network devices: A hub regenerates the data signal without segmenting the network. A WAN is needed when a company expands to other countries, maintaining constant connections with corporate headquarters.
• Network service: DHCP automatically assigns IP addresses to devices on a network.
• Security technology: IDS passively monitors network traffic to detect potential attacks.
• Transport layer protocols: TCP and UDP operate at the transport layer of the TCP/IP model.
• Types of networks: PANs (Personal Area Networks) connect devices like printers, keyboards, and mice to a host.
• Wireless standards: 802.11b, 802.11g, and 802.11n operate in the 2.4 GHz frequency range.
• Network media: Copper and fiber are common network media.
• HTTP packets: Technicians look for port 80 in captured network traffic to locate HTTP packets.

Module 6

• Multipurpose device: Switches, routers, and wireless access points are integrated into multipurpose devices for home networks.
• PoE-powered devices: Access points and IP phones are commonly powered using PoE.
• Cable termination: A patch panel terminates cable runs, keeping cables secure in walkways.
• Signal interference reduction: RFI and EMI interference is reduced by STP more effectively than UTP.
• Wire termination order: Green and orange wires change termination order between 568A and 568B standards.
• Proxy server function: A common function of a proxy server is to store frequently accessed web pages on the internal network.
• DHCP Client Protocol: Port 68 is used by the DHCP client protocol.

Module 7

• TCP/IP model layers: The correct order of the TCP/IP model layers, from top to bottom, is application, transport, internet, and network access.

• Satellite service: LEO satellite service can support up to ~100 Mbps with lower latency compared to standard satellite.

• Email server type: Email servers support SMTP, POP, and IMAP protocols.

• Modem connector: RJ-11 connectors are used to connect analog modems to telephone line sockets.

• WAN characteristic: A WAN connects geographically dispersed networks.

• Network device for filtering and VPNs: A UTM device is well-suited for stateful packet filtering, email filtering, and VPN services.

• Bluetooth devices: A Bluetooth device can connect to up to seven devices simultaneously.

• Wireless connectivity device: An access point provides wireless connectivity to users.

• DSL modem: A DSL modem is needed for users connecting to an ISP via the telephone network.

• Application tracking: Laptops track data flow between applications using the source port number.

• IPv6 address: The network identifier of a device with the IPv6 address 2001:0db8:cafe:4500:1000:00d8:0058:00ab/64 is 2001:0db8:cafe:4500

• Network filtering methods: Whitelisting is a network filtering method that specifies allowed devices.

Additional Information

• Network Device Troubleshooting: Troubleshooting domain name resolution issues can be done using the nslookup command. New network drivers for network interface cards (NICs) can often be found on the manufacturer's website.
• IP Addresses: A computer that has been assigned an IP address in the 169.254.x.x range is likely unable to communicate with networks outside its local network segment.
• Network issues: When a workstation or computer cannot access the Internet, a possible cause could be that the gateway IP address is misconfigured or there is a problem with the DHCP server.