Networking Fundamentals: Communication Protocols

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What is necessary for devices to communicate in a network?

They must use different rules

They must have the same size and complexity

They must use the same rules (correct)

They must have different languages and grammar

What are the three essential elements of any communication?

Sender, protocol, and grammar

Sender, receiver, and channel (correct)

Receiver, channel, and language

Sender, receiver, and protocol

What do protocols govern in communications?

Only the language and grammar

Only the channel

Only sender and receiver

All communications (correct)

What must protocols account for to successfully deliver a message?

All of the above, plus speed and timing of delivery, and confirmation or acknowledgment requirements Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of encoding in computer protocols?

To convert information into a transmittable form Signup and view all the answers

What do network protocols share in common?

Many fundamental traits Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of placing one message format inside another called?

Encapsulation Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of protocols in network communications?

To make communication easier and more effective Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of IP in network communication?

To send a message from the source to the destination over one or more networks Signup and view all the answers

Why does a long message need to be broken into smaller pieces in a network?

To meet both the minimum and maximum size requirements Signup and view all the answers

What is de-encapsulation?

The process of removing one message format from another Signup and view all the answers

What are the common requirements for computer protocols in network communication?

Message encoding, formatting, encapsulation, size, timing, and delivery options Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the Internet Society (ISOC)?

Promotes the open development and evolution of the Internet Signup and view all the answers

Which organization is responsible for coordinating IP address allocation and domain name management?

Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the Internet Research Task Force (IRTF)?

Long-term research related to Internet and TCP/IP protocols Signup and view all the answers

Which organization is dedicated to creating standards in power and energy, healthcare, telecommunications, and networking?

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of breaking up messages into smaller units called?

Segmenting Signup and view all the answers

Which organization develops standards related to electrical wiring, connectors, and the 19-inch racks used to mount networking equipment?

Electronic Industries Alliance (EIA) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of segmenting messages in multiplexing?

Increases speed and efficiency Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of numbering segments so that the message may be reassembled at the destination?

Sequencing Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the form that a piece of data takes at any layer?

Protocol Data Unit (PDU) Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct order of PDUs as they pass down the stack?

Data, Segment, Packet, Frame, Bits Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of adding protocols' information to the data?

Encapsulation Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the data as it moves up the stack?

It is de-encapsulated Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the default gateway in a LAN?

To act as a router for all remote locations Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the data link addressing as it travels from one link to another?

It changes from link to link or hop to hop Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the router in the routing process?

To start the routing process of getting the information to the actual destination Signup and view all the answers

What is the MAC address of the default gateway in the first segment of the journey?

11-11-11-11-11-11 Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the data link layer in the routing process?

To provide local addressing for each segment or hop Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the Layer 2 and Layer 3 addressing in the routing process?

Layer 2 addressing changes from link to link, while Layer 3 addressing remains the same Signup and view all the answers