Networking Concepts and Topology Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which term best describes how the physical components of a network are structured and connected?

  • Client service model
  • Logical topology
  • Network Operating System Function
  • Physical topology (correct)

What is a key characteristic that distinguishes logical topology from physical topology?

  • Physical topology describes how software interacts with the network
  • Logical topology deals with the physical placement of devices
  • Logical topology focuses on how software controls network access (correct)
  • Physical topology determines the user access method

In a network, what manages access to the entire network?

  • The Network Operating System (NOS) (correct)
  • A single client operating system
  • The physical topology
  • A peer-to-peer configuration

Which networking model typically requires a Network Operating System (NOS)?

<p>Client-server model (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best defines 'topology' in the context of networks?

<p>How different parts of a network interact and function together (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of networking does 'physical topology' primarily describe?

<p>The arrangement of hardware and cabling (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does logical topology primarily address in a network?

<p>The way software manages access to the network (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component is essential for managing access control in a client-server network model?

<p>A Network Operating System (NOS) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer is primarily responsible for ensuring data is in a readable format for the receiving application?

<p>Presentation Layer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a payload, within the context of application layer communications?

<p>The data passed between applications and the operating system. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is a primary function of the Session Layer?

<p>Synchronizing data and managing recovery if messages are lost. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of an Application Layer protocol used by a utility program?

<p>SNMP for network monitoring (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the operating system (OS) typically play in the upper three layers of the OSI model?

<p>Executes underlying function calls for application requests (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes how the Application, Presentation, and Session layers relate to each other?

<p>They are intertwined and often difficult to distinguish between. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an API call, in the context of these layers?

<p>A request made by an application to the OS. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the function of the Physical Layer (Layer 1)?

<p>Transmitting bits over a physical medium like copper, fiber optics, or air. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a group of bits as it moves from one layer to the next?

<p>Protocol Data Unit (PDU) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the OSI model, what is the PDU at Layer 4 called?

<p>Segment or Datagram (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the PDU called at Layer 2 of the OSI model?

<p>Frame (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Layer 3 in the OSI model?

<p>Addressing and routing packets across networks. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the OSI model is responsible for adding a port number?

<p>Layer 4 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer is primarily concerned with MAC addresses in the OSI model?

<p>Layer 2 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the PDU at the application layer typically referred to?

<p>Payload or Data (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does grounding refer to in the context of computer components?

<p>A direct electrical connection to the earth. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of an upset failure caused by static electricity on an electronic component?

<p>A reduced lifespan of the component. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are computer cases grounded?

<p>To protect the delicate components from damage caused by ESD. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for using an ESD strap when working with computer components?

<p>To protect components from static discharge. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a network using Windows Server for access control, what is the logical group of computers called?

<p>Domain (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a fundamental difference between a network switch and a router?

<p>A switch belongs to its local network, while a router belongs to two or more local networks. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical voltage required to damage a component due to static electricity?

<p>10 volts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a Wide Area Network (WAN) defined as?

<p>A group of LANs spread over a wide geographical area. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the Application layer within the context of computer networking?

<p>Describes the interface between two applications, each on separate computers. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of a peer-to-peer network?

<p>It can be created using different types of desktop, mobile and tablet OSs. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Physical Topology

A method for organizing and connecting network components physically, like computers and cables.

Logical Topology

A method for organizing and controlling access to a network using software, like network protocols and user permissions.

Network Operating System (NOS)

A software system that manages and controls access to the entire network.

Client-Server Model

A network model where a centralized server provides resources and services to clients.

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Peer-to-Peer Model

A network model where devices can both share and request resources directly from each other.

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Topology

The way parts of a system work together to achieve a common goal, especially in networking.

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Network Protocol

A set of rules and standards that govern communication between devices on a network.

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Network Application

Software that allows users to perform specific tasks on a network, such as browsing the internet or sending emails.

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Application Layer

The interface between two applications on separate computers.

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Payload

Data that is passed between applications or utility programs and the OS.

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Presentation Layer

The layer responsible for reformatting, compressing, or encrypting data for the receiving application.

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Session Layer

Ensures synchronization and recovery of data between applications.

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API (Application Programming Interface) Call

The method an application uses to request services from the OS.

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SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)

A program designed to monitor and gather information on network traffic.

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Application Layer Protocols (for user services)

Programs that provide users with services like web browsing or email.

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Application Layer Protocols (for system services)

Programs that provide services to the system like network monitoring.

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Physical Layer

The simplest layer in the network model, responsible for sending bits over wired or wireless connections.

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Protocol Data Unit (PDU)

A technical term for a collection of bits as they travel from one layer to another within a network.

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Transport Layer (OSI Model)

The layer responsible for ensuring reliable data transfer between applications across the network.

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Segment (TCP)

A segment of data that is transmitted from one device to another at the Transport Layer.

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Packet (IP)

A data unit used in the Network Layer to route data packets between networks.

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Data Link Layer (OSI Model)

The layer responsible for framing data for transmission over a physical link.

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Frame (MAC)

A data unit used in the Data Link Layer to encapsulate data for transmission over a physical link.

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Application Layer (OSI Model)

The layer responsible for managing communications between applications.

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What is OSHA?

A government agency responsible for ensuring safe working conditions in the United States. It sets guidelines for using power tools and other equipment.

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What is PPE?

Safety equipment worn to protect the user while working, such as gloves, safety glasses, and ear protection.

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How to lift heavy objects safely?

A technique used to lift heavy objects safely by keeping the back straight, bending the knees, and using leg muscles.

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What is grounding?

A connection to the earth that provides a path for electrical current to flow safely away from a device.

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What is ESD?

A sudden discharge of static electricity that can damage sensitive electronic components.

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What is catastrophic failure?

A type of damage caused by ESD that completely destroys a component, making it unusable.

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What is upset failure?

A type of damage caused by ESD that reduces the lifespan of a component without completely destroying it.

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Why are computer components grounded?

Computer components are often grounded within a computer case to prevent ESD damage.

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Grounding yourself

The process of removing static electricity from your body before handling sensitive electronics.

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ESD Strap

A strap worn on the wrist that connects to the computer case, allowing static electricity to flow to the ground.

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Antistatic Bag

A protective bag for electronic components that prevents static electricity build-up.

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Network Troubleshooting

A systematic approach to identifying and resolving network issues.

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Identify the problem

Gathering information about a network problem: symptoms, user reports, and changes.

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Establish theory of probable cause

Formulating a likely explanation for the network problem based on gathered information.

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Test theory to determine cause

Testing your theory about the problem to confirm or refute it.

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Establish action plan

Creating a plan of action to resolve the identified network problem.

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WAN (Wide Area Network)

A group of Local Area Networks (LANs) spread across a wide geographical area.

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Domain

A logical group of computers that are controlled by Windows Server and can communicate with each other.

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Switch vs. Router

A switch connects devices within a local network, while a router connects two or more local networks.

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Transport Layer

This layer transports Application layer payloads from one application to another.

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Network Layer

The layer that moves messages between network nodes until they reach their destination.

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Study Notes

Network+ Guide to Networks Eighth Edition - Chapter 1

  •  The book is the Network+ Guide to Networks Eighth Edition, Chapter 1, Introduction to Networking
  •  Objectives for the chapter include distinguishing client-server and peer-to-peer models, identifying network applications and protocols, describing network hardware and common physical topologies, explaining the OSI model's seven layers, and outlining network troubleshooting procedures.
  •  Topology is how parts of a whole work together
  •  Physical topology refers to hardware and describes how computers, devices, and cables are connected to form the physical network
  • Logical topology describes how access to the network is controlled via software
  •  A Network Operating System (NOS) controls access to the entire network, required by client-server models.
  •  Peer-to-peer (P2P) networks have no centralized control, and the OS of each computer manages its resources
  •  Computers in a P2P network (nodes or hosts) form a logical group
  •  P2P networks may share or prevent access to resources, and each computer user has a local Windows account.
  •  P2P networks only work on one computer at a time
  •  Advantages of P2P networks are simple configuration and lower costs compared to other models.
  •  Disadvantages are limited scalability and security issues.
  •  Client-server networks rely on a centralized directory database managed by the NOS.
  •  A Windows domain is a logical group of computers controlled by a Windows Server.
  •  Active Directory (AD) is a centralized database holding user account information and network security for a domain.
  •  Users can access resources on the network from any computer within the AD domain using AD DS.
  •  Clients request data or services from servers, not directly from each other.
  •  Client access is controlled by the domain database via servers.
  •  Server examples include Windows Server 2016, Ubuntu Server, and Red Hat Enterprise Linux.
  •  Servers require more memory, processing, and storage capacity, plus special hardware like network management functionalities.
  •  Client-server models have advantages over P2P models, including centralized user credentials, centrally controlled shared resources, monitoring, diagnostics, correction, and scalability.
  •  Network services provide the resources and applications available on a network
  •  Includes the applications and the data these applications provide
  •  Client-server applications include a client computer requesting data or services from a server computer
  • Two primary network protocols are Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and Internet Protocol (IP)
  •  TCP/IP protocol suite is used by OSs to communicate on a network
  •  The OSI model is a seven-layer reference model for networking communications.
  •  Layers are numbered in order, starting with the Physical layer.
  • Layers include the Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, and Application layers.
  •  Application layer acts as an interface between applications on separate computers.
  • Applications use Application layer protocols like browsers or web servers
  • Utility programs or applications provide services to systems, such as SNMP.
  • Payload is the data transmitted between applications and operating systems.
  •  Presentation layer formats, compresses, and/or encrypts data for receiving applications
  •  Session layer synchronizes data between applications.
  •  Transport layer is responsible for transporting application payloads between applications.
  • TCP protocols make a connection to the end host before transmission and check receipt.
  • UDP does not require a connection and doesn't check the receipt.
  • Protocols add header information to the data
  • Encapsulation is the process of adding header information to data
  • Transport layer uses port numbers for receiving applications.
  • Large messages are divided into smaller segments by TCP.
  • UDP messages are called datagrams.
  • Network layer is responsible for moving messages from one node to another until they reach the destination host, using IP addresses
  • Network layer includes protocols to find the best route for packets and processes packet fragmentation
  • The Data Link layer interfaces with the physical hardware of the local network.
  • Data Link Layer protocols vary with hardware (e.g., Ethernet, Wi-Fi).
  • Data Link layer includes MAC addresses (hardware addresses) for devices
  • Physical layer sends bits via wired or wireless transmission.
  •  Transmission can be via wavelengths, voltage signals, or light.
  •  Protocol data unit (PDU) is a technical term for a group of bits.
  • Network and computer technicians need to protect themselves and equipment
  •  OSHA safety guidelines apply to power tools, lifting heavy objects, and static electricity protection.
  •  Emergency procedures include knowing escape routes, having fire suppression systems, portable fire extinguishers, emergency power-off switches, and suppression agents.
  •  A Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) provides safe handling procedures.
  •  Grounding and using ESD straps is necessary to prevent static electricity damage to components.
  • Proper troubleshooting steps for network problems involve identifying the problem, gathering information, identifying symptoms, questioning users, determining if changes occurred, establishing probable cause, testing the theory, determining next steps and documenting findings.

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Network+ Guide to Networks PDF

Description

Test your knowledge on key networking concepts, including physical and logical topology, key networking layers, and operating systems. This quiz covers essential definitions and functionalities that underpin modern network architecture. Perfect for students and tech enthusiasts looking to solidify their understanding of networking principles.

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