Networking Basics Quiz
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What will happen if the default gateway address is incorrectly configured on a host?

  • The host cannot communicate with hosts in other networks. (correct)
  • The switch will not forward packets initiated by the host.
  • The host will have to use ARP to determine the correct address of the default gateway.
  • The host cannot communicate with other hosts in the local network.

    • The physical address of the switch interface connected to the host computer is the default gateway.

    False

    How many bits are in an IPv4 address?

    32

    The IP address 172.17.4.250/24 represents a ______ address.

    <p>host</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following are components of an IPv4 address? (Choose two.)

    <p>subnet portion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of transmission with their characteristics:

    <p>broadcast = Sent to all hosts in the network multicast = Sent to a specific group of hosts unicast = Sent to a single host ARP = Used to resolve IP addresses to MAC addresses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the subnet mask in conjunction with an IP address?

    <p>To determine the subnet to which the host belongs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which two things can be determined by using the ping command? (Select two)

    <p>the destination device is reachable through the network</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The range of 224.0.0.0 to 224.0.0.255 is reserved to reach multicast groups on a local network.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the binary equivalent of the decimal number 232?

    <p>11101000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the decimal equivalent of the binary number 10010101?

    <p>149</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature allows different communication streams to occur simultaneously without using all available bandwidth?

    <p>multiplexing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is used by the transport layer to pass the data stream to the proper application on the server?

    <p>destination port number</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The UDP transport protocol provides tracking of data segments using sequence numbers.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The field in the IPv4 header used to prevent a packet from traversing a network endlessly is called __________.

    <p>Time-to-Live</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Out of which interface will R1 forward the packet destined for the IP address 192.168.2.10?

    <p>FastEthernet0/0</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which IPv4 header field identifies the upper layer protocol carried in the packet?

    <p>Protocol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A directly connected route on a Cisco router is indicated by the code D in an IPv4 routing table.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the next step in the router boot sequence after the IOS loads from flash?

    <p>Locate and load the startup-config file from NVRAM.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______ configuration file is used by a Cisco router to retain settings after a reboot.

    <p>startup</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which two pieces of information are in the RAM of a Cisco router during normal operation? (Select two.)

    <p>Cisco IOS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The metric value of the route can influence the choice of route a packet takes.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of route is indicated by the code C in an IPv4 routing table on a Cisco router?

    <p>directly connected route</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the types of routes with their descriptions:

    <p>C = Directly connected route D = Dynamic route learned through EIGRP S = Static route O = OSPF route</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic describes an IPv6 enhancement over IPv4?

    <p>IPv6 addresses are based on 128-bit flat addressing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    NAT is necessary in IPv6 due to limited address space.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the Flow Label field in the IPv6 header?

    <p>It classifies packets for traffic congestion control.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _______ field in the IPv4 header defines the priority of the packet.

    <p>differentiated services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which two commands can be used on a Windows host to display the routing table?

    <p>route print</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following IPv4 and IPv6 terms with their descriptions:

    <p>IPv4 = 32-bit hierarchical addressing IPv6 = 128-bit flat addressing NAT = Network Address Translation Flow Label = Traffic congestion control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens immediately after a router matches the destination IP address to a network on a directly connected routing table entry?

    <p>Switch the packet to the directly connected interface.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What command should be issued to save the router configuration for future reboots?

    <p>copy running-config startup-config</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A computer requires the WINS server address to access the Internet if it already has an IP address, subnet mask, and DNS server configuration.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Both IPv4 and IPv6 have integrated security features.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How will a packet be sent from a computer to a destination host in the same LAN?

    <p>The packet will be sent directly to the destination host.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A packet leaving PC-1 has to traverse ______ hops to reach PC-4.

    <p>3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following LAN configurations with their descriptions:

    <p>IP address = Identifies the device on the network Subnet mask = Defines the network segment DNS server = Translates domain names to IP addresses Default gateway = Allows communication with external networks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Default Gateways

    • If a host is incorrectly configured with the default gateway address, it will not be able to communicate with hosts outside of its local network.
    • The default gateway address is the logical address of the router interface on the same network as the host computer.
    • It is not a physical address of the router interface or a switch.

    Network Communication Types

    • Unicast is communication between a single sender and a single receiver.
    • Multicast is communication from a single sender to a group of receivers, which are identified by a multicast group address.
    • The range of 224.0.0.0 to 224.0.0.255 is reserved for multicast addresses on a local network.

    IPv4 Addresses

    • An IPv4 address is made up of 32 bits.
    • The 32 bits are divided into two parts: the network portion and the host portion.
    • An IP address with a subnet mask of /24 indicates that the last octet of the address is reserved for host addresses.

    Subnet Masks

    • The subnet mask is used to determine which subnet a host belongs to.
    • The subnet mask /20 is equivalent to the address 255.255.240.0

    Private IPv4 Addresses

    • The following are private IPv4 address ranges:
      • 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255
      • 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255
      • 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255

    Ping Command

    • The ping command can be used to:
      • Determine if a destination device is reachable through the network
      • Measure the average time it takes a packet to reach the destination and return to the source.

    Binary to Decimal Conversion

    • The decimal number 232 is equivalent to the binary number 11101000.
    • The binary number 10010101 is equivalent to the decimal number 157.

    Multiplexing

    • Multiplexing allows different communication streams to occur simultaneously without using all available bandwidth.

    Transport Layer

    • The transport layer uses port numbers to identify specific applications on a server.
    • The destination port number is used to pass the data stream to the correct application on the server.

    UDP Protocol

    • The UDP protocol is beneficial because it is faster due to the lack of acknowledgments and retransmissions.

    IPv4 Header

    • The Time-to-Live (TTL) field in the IPv4 header prevents a packet from looping endlessly.
    • The Protocol field identifies the upper-layer protocol being carried in the packet.

    Routing Table

    • The network administrator can configure static, default, directly connected, and dynamic routes.
    • In the routing table, the code "C" indicates a directly connected route.

    Cisco Router Boot Process

    • After the IOS loads from flash, the router will locate and load the startup-config file from NVRAM.

    Cisco Router RAM

    • The RAM of a Cisco router during normal operation contains:
      • The Cisco IOS
      • The IP routing table

    Startup Configuration File

    • The startup configuration file contains the commands used to initially configure a router on startup.

    IPv6

    • IPv6 uses 128-bit flat addressing as opposed to the 32-bit hierarchical addressing used in IPv4.
    • The IPv6 header is streamlined and easier to handle by intermediate routers than the IPv4 header.
    • NAT is not needed in IPv6 because there are enough public IPv6 addresses available for every host.

    IPv6 Flow Label

    • The Flow Label field informs network devices to maintain the same path for packets belonging to real-time applications.

    Windows Routing Table

    • The commands route print and netstat -r can be used on a Windows host to display the routing table.

    Router Packet Forwarding

    • When forwarding traffic, the router will switch the packet to the directly connected interface if it matches a directly connected routing entry.

    Saving Router Configurations

    • The command copy running-config startup-config saves the current configuration to the startup configuration file.

    Network Configuration

    • To enable internet access, the device will need to be configured with a default gateway address, as well as an IP address, subnet mask, and DNS server.

    Packet Routing within a LAN

    • When a computer on a LAN needs to communicate with another computer on the same LAN, it will send the packet directly to the destination host's IP address.

    Packet Hops

    • In the provided exhibit, the packet will need to traverse 4 hops to reach PC-4.

    Router Interface Selection

    • The router will forward the packet destined for 192.168.2.10 out of the FastEthernet0/0 interface.

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    Related Documents

    Revision Questions-part 2.pdf

    Description

    Test your knowledge on networking fundamentals including default gateways, communication types, and IPv4 addressing. This quiz covers key concepts such as unicast and multicast communication, as well as subnet masks. Perfect for students in networking courses or professionals looking to refresh their knowledge.

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