IPv4 Addressing Quiz - Study Notes

An IPv4 address is 32 bits long, representing four groups of 8 bits (octets). Each octet is a decimal number from 0 to 255, separated by dots.

The subnet mask divides an IPv4 address into two parts: network portion and host portion. It determines which bits represent the network and which bits represent the individual host.

Slash notation (/n) represents the prefix length, which indicates the number of network bits in the subnet mask. For example, /24 means 24 network bits.

A broadcast address is used to send data to every device within the same subnet. It is usually the highest address in a subnet.

Private IP address blocks are used within private networks and are not routable on the internet. They are not assigned by a central authority.

ANDing an IPv4 address with its subnet mask results in the network address. It isolates the network portion of the address by setting host bits to 0.

The loopback address (127.0.0.1) is used to test TCP/IP functionality on a device without communicating with any external network.

Link-local addresses (169.254.0.0/16) are automatically assigned to devices on a network when no DHCP server is available.

A /26 subnet mask allows for 4 subnets. The higher the prefix length, the more subnets and fewer hosts.

A subnet mask of 255.255.255.224 has a prefix length of /27. The prefix length determines the number of network bits.

Class C IPv4 addresses range from 192.0.0.0 to 223.255.255.255. They use the first 3 bits as 110.

Subnetting reduces the size of broadcast domains, meaning fewer devices receive unnecessary broadcasts, improving network efficiency.

Network Address Translation (NAT) translates private IP addresses used within a network to public IP addresses used on the internet.

Multicast addresses are used to send data to a group of devices that have registered to receive it.

A /30 subnet accommodates only 2 hosts. This is often used for point-to-point connections or for dedicated links between network devices.

The broadcast address for the 192.168.10.0/24 network is 192.168.10.255. It is the highest address in the subnet.

Class A IPv4 addresses range from 0.0.0.0 to 127.255.255.255. They are characterized by the first bit being 0.

The address 8.8.8.8 is a public IP address, meaning it is publicly routable on the internet. It's used for DNS resolution.

Broadcast addresses are used to communicate within the same broadcast domain. They are sent to every device in the subnet.

Variable Length Subnet Masking (VLSM) allows for different subnet sizes within a network, preventing wasted IP addresses.

A /24 subnet has 254 available host IP addresses. The subnet mask 255.255.255.0 indicates 24 network bits and 8 host bits.

The binary representation of 255.255.255.0 is 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000. Each 1 represents a network bit.

The subnet mask 255.255.255.192 provides 62 available host IP addresses. The prefix length (/26) determines the number of host bits.

The address 127.0.0.1 is a loopback address. It is used to test network connectivity on a single device.

Large broadcast domains lead to excessive broadcasts because every device receives the same message, wasting bandwidth and causing network congestion.

Multicast addresses range from 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255. The first 4 bits are set to 1110.

Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA) assigns temporary IP addresses to devices when they cannot connect to a DHCP server.

A subnet mask of 255.255.255.248 has a CIDR notation of /29. This means the address has 29 network bits.

The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for managing global IPv4 address allocation.

A broadcast address is identified in binary by having all bits set to 1. This ensures that all devices on a subnet receive the data.