Networking Basics Quiz

Input and Output Devices

• Scanners digitize documents and images, using formats like JPEG or OCR.
• 2D scanners capture two-dimensional images, while 3D scanners create digital 3D models.
• QR codes use matrix-based systems to link to websites or advertise.
• Digital cameras have microprocessors for automatic adjustments.
• Keyboards translate keystrokes into ASCII values using various connections.
• Pointing devices include mice (optical or mechanical) and trackerballs for cursor movement.
• Microphones capture sound input for voice recordings or recognition.
• Touchscreens are input and output devices used in mobile devices and tablets.

Output Devices

• Inkjet printers use thermal or piezoelectric methods to print, often for small-scale use.
• Laser printers use static electricity and dry toner for high-volume prints.
• 3D printers use additive manufacturing to build objects layer by layer, utilizing various materials.
• Light projectors (DLP and LCD) are used for large-scale presentations and displays.
• Monitors use different technologies (CRT, LCD, LED, and OLED) for displaying images.
• Speakers amplify sound for communication.

Sensors and Robotics

• Sensors measure changes (e.g., pressure, infrared) and can trigger alarms for security systems.
• Robots must move, sense, and plan actions with actuators for precision.
• Robots use sensors to detect obstacles and process information using an onboard processor.

Networks

• Networks connect two or more devices to exchange data. Common types include LAN, WAN, and WLAN.
• Components like routers, switches, hubs, and bridges support data transmission.
• Networks offer advantages, like sharing resources centrally, but also have disadvantages, such as hacking risks and equipment costs.
• Network devices include routers, switches, hubs, modems and network interface cards (NIC) that transmit data packets.

Internet and Intranet

• Internet is a public, worldwide network, while intranets are private, organization-specific networks.
• LANs are small area networks, WANs span a larger area (geographic), and WLANs provide a wireless version of LAN.
• ISPs (Internet Service Providers) provide internet access and relevant services.
• Different devices such as desktops, laptops, tablets, and smartphones are used for network access.

Cloud Computing

• Cloud computing allows pay-as-you-go access to resources using different deployment models (public, private, hybrid).
• Cost effectiveness of cloud services, storage, data recovery and security are significant advantages.
• Businesses can easily scale up or down their use of cloud resources and data.
• Users may lack complete control of all resources in some cloud systems.

Disadvantages of Cloud Computing

• Loss of control over features
• Lack of redundancy and consistency in backing up
• Bandwidth issues
• Security risks to the privacy of data
• Possibility of downtime, which can lead to lost revenues
• Potential vendor lock-in and compatibility issues
• Hidden costs related to management of cloud resources

Bluetooth and Wi-Fi

• Bluetooth is best for low-bandwidth applications, short-range connections (5-30 meters).
• Wi-Fi is designed for full-scale networks and larger areas (up to 95 meters indoors); high bandwidth, and more secure.
• Bluetooth uses less power than Wi-Fi but Wi-Fi is slightly faster.

Anti-Malware and Antivirus Software

• Malware is any software with malicious intent.
• Viruses can replicate themselves, while malware is a broader category of harmful software.
• Anti-malware and antivirus software detect files according to their known virus database and flags and deletes if a virus is confirmed.
• Techniques for detection include signature-based detection, heuristic analysis, sandbox analysis, and cloud-based lookups.

Electronic Conferencing

• Conferencing calls connect the world, connecting people via video conferencing.
• Audio conferencing allows similar functionality, but without visual elements.

Microprocessors

• Microprocessors are compact, integrated circuits that act as a central processing unit (CPU).
• They execute instructions and process data in electronic devices like laptops, air fryers, washing machines, televisions, internet routers, vacuums, heating systems, etcetera.

Communication Media

• Media like Flyers/Brochures/Newsletters, Posters, Multimedia, and Paper-based presentation can be used to advertise or communicate.
• Different media have strengths and weaknesses in their ability to reach different audiences, and this should be considered when choosing the best way to communicate.

Online/ICT Safety

• Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI) is a performance of monotonous actions that can cause pain, aches and numbness on certain muscles.
• Causes of RSI include typing/clicking, poor posture, lifestyle issues and excessive muscle use.
• Solutions for reducing RSI include regular breaks, maintaining good posture and minimizing repetitive movements.

Social Problems

• Prolonged social media and internet use can correlate with anxiety, depression, cyberbullying, and isolation.
• Excessive social media use can lead to issues with body image, social relationships and productivity.

Computer-Controlled Systems

• Computer-controlled systems, such as robots and CNC machines, have multiple advantages over human counterparts, but also face several disadvantages. Those include initial setup costs and the risk of job replacement and human error.

School Management Systems

• School management systems (SMS) collect data on students and staff.
• Data might involve personal information, academic records, and payment details.
• These systems streamline school administrative tasks, including scheduling, attendance, and other aspects of school organization.

Banking Systems and Applications

• Banking systems manage money, credit and financial transactions.
• ATMs process transactions, such as cash withdrawals, balance inquiries, and fund transfers.
• Online banking offers accessibility and convenience, performing banking activities while mitigating the need for in-person services.
• Online banking services and shopping are vulnerable to fraud and data breaches.

Information Systems in Medicine

• Medical information systems can model surgical procedures and offer other support.
• Expert systems use a form of artificial intelligence, mimicking expert knowledge for diagnoses or other tasks.
• They have a knowledge base, an inference engine and are a tool for providing advice and solutions by mimicking expert knowledge and offering support to clinical personnel.

Test your understanding of fundamental networking concepts, including modems, intranets, and cloud computing. This quiz also explores various network types and their descriptions, providing a comprehensive overview of networking essentials.