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Questions and Answers
What is the function of sensory neurons?
Which part of the nervous system is responsible for controlling smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glands, and adipose tissue?
What is the main function of motor neurons?
How many pairs of cranial nerves are there in the Peripheral Nervous System?
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What is the role of interneurons in the nervous system?
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Which division of the nervous system controls voluntary movements like walking and talking?
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What is the main function of neuroglia in neural tissue?
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Which part of a neuron is responsible for conducting impulses away from the cell body?
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What is the main function of Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system?
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What structure is responsible for producing the myelin sheath around axons?
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Which type of neuron has a single process that extends away from the cell body?
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What is the main role of neurofibrils in a neuron?
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What is the function of oligodendrocytes in the CNS?
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Which type of glial cell is involved in phagocytosis in the CNS?
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What is the primary function of ependymal cells in the CNS?
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What is the main role of Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system?
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Which glial cell type is known to be the major support cells in the CNS?
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What structure produces cerebrospinal fluid in the CNS?
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Study Notes
Nervous System Overview
- Homeostasis is the state when each part of the body functions in equilibrium with other parts.
- The nervous system has three basic functions: sensory, integrative, and motor.
Divisions of the Nervous System
- The Central Nervous System (CNS) consists of the brain and spinal cord.
- The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) consists of cranial nerves, spinal nerves, and ganglia.
- The PNS is divided into the Somatic Nervous System (sensory and motor neurons), Autonomic Nervous System (motor neurons to smooth and cardiac muscle, glands, and adipose tissue), and Enteric Nervous System (enteric complexes of the gut).
Cells of Neural Tissue
- Neurons are electrically excitable cells responsible for nervous system functions.
- Neuroglia (glia) support, nourish, and protect neurons.
Neuron Structure
- A neuron consists of dendrites, cell body, axon, and axon terminals.
- Dendrites receive signals, the cell body integrates signals, and the axon transmits signals.
Neuroglia of the PNS
- Schwann cells produce myelin sheaths around axons.
- Satellite cells support neuronal clusters in ganglia.
Neuroglia of the CNS
- Astrocytes are major support cells that provide nutrients, monitor metabolism, and more.
- Oligodendrocytes myelinate axons in the CNS.
- Microglia are phagocytic, and ependymal cells line ventricles and the central canal, producing cerebrospinal fluid.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the basic structure, function, and divisions of the nervous system. Explore topics like sensory function, integrative function, motor function, CNS, PNS, and more.
