Nervous System - Scalp and Nerve Supply

The outermost, tough, fibrous membrane covering the brain.

The periosteum covering the inner surface of the skull bones.

The dura mater proper, a strong fibrous membrane covering the brain.

Spaces where dura mater folds, collecting venous blood.

A dural infolding between cerebellar hemispheres.

The middle meningeal membrane, delicate and separating dura and pia.

Potential space between arachnoid and dura, filled with fluid.

Smallest dural fold, roof over pituitary gland.

A clear fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord, providing protection and support.

A network of capillaries and specialized cells within the ventricles of the brain that produce cerebrospinal fluid.

CSF is formed by filtration of blood through the choroid plexus capillaries, followed by active transport of substances, primarily sodium ions, into the ventricles.

CSF flows from the lateral ventricles to the third ventricle, then to the fourth ventricle, and finally exits through foramina into the cisterna magna.

Fluid-filled cavities within the brain that connect and contain cerebrospinal fluid.

Openings in the fourth ventricle that allow CSF to exit into the cisterna magna.

A fluid space located behind the medulla and beneath the cerebellum, where CSF collects after exiting the fourth ventricle.

Spaces surrounding blood vessels in the brain that contribute a small amount of CSF.

A diamond-shaped cavity filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), located between the cerebellum and the brainstem.

Clear fluid circulating within the ventricles of the brain and spinal cord, providing cushioning and nutrient transport.

Specialized cells lining the ventricles of the brain and central canal of the spinal cord, responsible for producing CSF.

A narrow channel connecting the third ventricle of the brain to the fourth ventricle.

A narrow channel within the spinal cord, filled with CSF.

A protective barrier that restricts the passage of substances from the blood into the brain tissue, maintaining a stable environment for neurons.

Star-shaped glial cells that provide support and nutrients to neurons, also contributing to the BBB.

Extensions from astrocytes that tightly wrap around blood capillaries, forming a critical part of the BBB.

A bone forming the sides and roof of the skull. It has two surfaces, external and internal, and four borders: sagittal, squamous, frontal, and occipital.

A 90-degree angle on the parietal bone where the sagittal and coronal sutures meet. It's located at the front of the parietal bone.

The angle of the parietal bone that connects with the sphenoid bone.

A rounded angle of the parietal bone where the sagittal and lambdoidal sutures meet. Located at the back of the parietal bone.

The truncated angle of the parietal bone that connects with the occipital bone. It's located on the lower part of the parietal bone.

The barrier separating cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the central nervous system (CNS) which is comprised of three structures: the pia-covered surface of the brain, perivascular extensions of the subarachnoid space, and the ependymal surface of the ventricles.

The innermost membrane covering the brain consisting of pial cells and astrocyte foot processes. It forms a loose layer and helps protect the brain.

Extensions of astrocytes, star-shaped glial cells, that form a barrier between the pia mater and the brain tissue.

A network of interconnected membranes studded with ribosomes. It is responsible for protein synthesis and folding, and the production of lysosomes.

A network of interconnected membranes without ribosomes. It functions in lipid synthesis, detoxification, and calcium storage.

A stack of flattened, membrane-bound sacs involved in processing, packaging, and sorting proteins and lipids.

A neuron with a short axon that terminates near the cell body or may be absent. These neurons are numerous and often inhibitory.

The Rough ER is involved in protein synthesis and folding, production of lysosomes, and synthesis of the components of the cell membrane.

Part of the autonomic nervous system that prepares the body for 'fight or flight' responses, increasing heart rate, respiration, and blood flow to muscles.

Part of the autonomic nervous system that promotes rest and digestion, slowing heart rate, decreasing respiration, and diverting blood to the digestive system.

The ability of nervous tissue to respond to a stimulus, such as pressure, light, or chemicals.

The ability of nervous tissue to transmit a nerve impulse, a signal, over long distances at high speed.

The fundamental structural and functional unit of the nervous system, responsible for transmitting nerve impulses.

Supporting cells in the nervous system, providing structural support, insulation, and nutritional support for neurons.

To receive information from the environment or other nerve cells, process that information, and transmit it to other parts of the body.

Vertebrae that remain separate throughout life, comprising the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar regions of the vertebral column.