Nervous System Overview

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Questions and Answers

Match the following cells with their functions:

Satellite cells = Protect neuron cell bodies Schwann cells = Form myelin sheath in the PNS Dendrites = Conduct impulses away from the cell body Axons = Conduct impulses toward the cell body

Match the parts of a neuron with their descriptions:

Cell body = Nucleus and metabolic center Dendrites = Fibers that extend toward the cell body Axons = Only one that conducts impulses away Axonal terminals = Contain vesicles with neurotransmitters

Match the functions of the nervous system with their descriptions:

Sensory input = Gathering information from stimuli Integration = Processing and interpreting sensory input Motor output = Response activation of muscles or glands Neuroglia = Support cells of the nervous system

Match the terms related to nerve impulses:

Synaptic cleft = Gap between adjacent neurons Synapse = Junction between nerves Nodes of Ranvier = Gaps in myelin sheath Myelin sheath = Produced by Schwann cells Signup and view all the answers

Match the components of the Central Nervous System:

Brain = Central control center of the body Spinal cord = Transmits signals between brain and body Nerves = Components of the Peripheral Nervous System Neurons = Functional units of the nervous system Signup and view all the answers

Match the conditions with their effects:

Multiple Sclerosis = Myelin sheath is destroyed Schwann cells = Produce myelin sheaths Nodes of Ranvier = Allow for faster impulse conduction Axonal terminals = Separate from the next neuron by synaptic cleft Signup and view all the answers

Match the divisions of the Peripheral Nervous System with their functions:

Sensory division = Carries information to CNS Motor division = Carries impulses away from CNS Somatic nervous system = Controls voluntary movements Autonomic nervous system = Controls involuntary actions Signup and view all the answers

Match the types of neuroglia with their roles:

Astrocytes = Control chemical environment of the brain Microglia = Dispose of debris in CNS Ependymal cells = Circulate cerebrospinal fluid Oligodendrocytes = Produce myelin sheath in CNS Signup and view all the answers

Match the structures of the neuron with their roles:

Neuron = Specialized to transmit messages Nucleus = Contains genetic material of the cell Processes = Fibers extending from the cell body Vesicles = Store neurotransmitters at axonal terminals Signup and view all the answers

Match the statements about neurons and neuroglia:

Neuroglia divide = True statement Neurons do not divide = True statement Gliomas are tumors of neurons = False statement Most brain tumors involve neuroglia = True statement Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of neurons with their functions:

Sensory (afferent) neurons = Carry impulses from sensory receptors Motor (efferent) neurons = Carry impulses away from the CNS Interneurons = Connect sensory and motor neurons Proprioceptors = Detect stretch or tension Signup and view all the answers

Match the following parts of the brain with their primary functions:

Cerebellum = Involuntary coordination of body movements Thalamus = Relay station for sensory impulses Hypothalamus = Regulates body temperature Medulla Oblongata = Controls heart rate and breathing Signup and view all the answers

Match the following layers of the cerebrum with their characteristics:

Gray matter = Outer layer composed mostly of neuron cell bodies White matter = Contains fiber tracts inside the gray matter Basal nuclei = Regulates voluntary motor activities Corpus callosum = Connects the left and right hemispheres Signup and view all the answers

Match the following functions of the nervous system with their classifications:

Autonomic reflexes = Regulation of smooth muscle and glands Somatic reflexes = Activation of skeletal muscles Sensory functions = Detects stimuli from the environment Motor functions = Responds to stimuli by activation of muscles or glands Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of neurons with their structural classifications:

Multipolar neurons = Many extensions from the cell body Bipolar neurons = One axon and one dendrite Unipolar neurons = Short single process leaving the cell body Sensory neurons = Typically unipolar in structure Signup and view all the answers

Match the following protective structures of the central nervous system:

Skull = Protects the brain Meninges = Three protective membranes Cerebrospinal fluid = Watery cushion around the brain Vertebral column = Protects the spinal cord Signup and view all the answers

Match the following specialized areas of the cerebrum with their functions:

Somatic sensory area = Receives impulses from sensory receptors Primary motor area = Sends impulses to skeletal muscles Broca’s area = Involved in speech production Gustatory area = Related to taste sensations Signup and view all the answers

Match the following regions of the brain with their descriptions:

Cerebral hemispheres = Paired superior parts of the brain Diencephalon = Sits on top of the brain stem Brain stem = Connects the brain to the spinal cord Cerebellum = Involved in coordination of movement Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions related to the spinal cord:

Dorsal horns = Associated with sensory processing Ventral horns = Associated with motor functions Cauda equina = Collection of spinal nerves below T12 Central canal = Filled with cerebrospinal fluid Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms related to the peripheral nervous system:

Mixed nerves = Contain both sensory and motor fibers Afferent nerves = Carry impulses toward the CNS Efferent nerves = Carry impulses away from the CNS Ganglia = Collections of neuron cell bodies outside CNS Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of reflexes with their characteristics:

Autonomic reflexes = Control smooth muscles and glands Somatic reflexes = Control skeletal muscles Reflex arc = Direct route from sensory to motor neurons Conditioned reflexes = Learned responses to stimuli Signup and view all the answers

Match the following classifications of neurons with their locations:

Ganglia = Collections of cell bodies outside the CNS Nuclei = Clusters of cell bodies within white matter Gray matter = Contains cell bodies and unmyelinated fibers White matter = Contains myelinated fibers Signup and view all the answers

Match the following components of the brain stem:

Midbrain = Contains reflex centers for vision and hearing Pons = Involved in controlling breathing Medulla oblongata = Regulates vital functions like heart rate Cerebral aqueduct = Connects the third and fourth ventricles Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their functions related to neurotransmission:

Neurotransmitter = Chemical released to transmit impulses Synapse = Junction between two neurons Receptors = Bind neurotransmitters on the dendrite Impulse = Signal traveling along a neuron Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is the Central Nervous System (CNS)?

The central nervous system (CNS) is the control center of the body, comprised of the brain and spinal cord.

What is the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)?

The peripheral nervous system (PNS) consists of all the nerves that extend from the brain and spinal cord to the rest of the body.