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Questions and Answers
The nervous system _______________ and _________________ all body functions.
The nervous system _______________ and _________________ all body functions.
controls, coordinates
The nervous system also ______________ and _______________ information from outside the body.
The nervous system also ______________ and _______________ information from outside the body.
senses, interprets
The __________________ is the basic working unit of the nervous system.
The __________________ is the basic working unit of the nervous system.
neuron
The two main parts of the nervous system are the ___________ nervous system and the ________________ nervous system.
The two main parts of the nervous system are the ___________ nervous system and the ________________ nervous system.
The peripheral nervous system consists of the _____________ and _____________ nerves.
The peripheral nervous system consists of the _____________ and _____________ nerves.
The ___________ and ____________ make up the central nervous system.
The ___________ and ____________ make up the central nervous system.
The ear provides ______________ and ______________.
The ear provides ______________ and ______________.
The nervous system provides ______________ centers of heartbeat and respiration.
The nervous system provides ______________ centers of heartbeat and respiration.
The sense organs are part of the nervous system. They include the _____________, tongue, ____________, eyes, and ____________.
The sense organs are part of the nervous system. They include the _____________, tongue, ____________, eyes, and ____________.
Inside the back of the eye is the _______, which contains cells that respond to light and send messages to the brain.
Inside the back of the eye is the _______, which contains cells that respond to light and send messages to the brain.
Weakened vision is a normal part of aging.
Weakened vision is a normal part of aging.
Some short-term memory loss may occur with age.
Some short-term memory loss may occur with age.
As people age, the senses normally become stronger.
As people age, the senses normally become stronger.
Responses and reflexes speed up with age.
Responses and reflexes speed up with age.
The sensitivity of nerve endings decreases with age, resulting in diminished sense of touch.
The sensitivity of nerve endings decreases with age, resulting in diminished sense of touch.
Slight hearing loss is not a normal change of aging.
Slight hearing loss is not a normal change of aging.
What is age-related macular degeneration (AMD)?
What is age-related macular degeneration (AMD)?
What is a cataract?
What is a cataract?
What is a cerebrovascular accident (CVA)?
What is a cerebrovascular accident (CVA)?
What is a concussion?
What is a concussion?
What is dysphagia?
What is dysphagia?
What is emotional lability?
What is emotional lability?
What is epilepsy?
What is epilepsy?
What is expressive aphasia?
What is expressive aphasia?
What is farsightedness?
What is farsightedness?
What is glaucoma?
What is glaucoma?
What is hemiparesis?
What is hemiparesis?
What is hemiplegia?
What is hemiplegia?
What is Meniere's disease?
What is Meniere's disease?
What is multiple sclerosis (MS)?
What is multiple sclerosis (MS)?
What is nearsightedness?
What is nearsightedness?
What is one-sided neglect?
What is one-sided neglect?
What is otitis media?
What is otitis media?
What is paraplegia?
What is paraplegia?
What is Parkinson's disease?
What is Parkinson's disease?
What is quadriplegia?
What is quadriplegia?
What is receptive aphasia?
What is receptive aphasia?
What is a transient ischemic attack (TIA)?
What is a transient ischemic attack (TIA)?
Strokes that occur on the right side of the brain affect functioning on the right side of the body.
Strokes that occur on the right side of the brain affect functioning on the right side of the body.
Diminished awareness or one-sided paralysis causes a lack of sensation that increases the risk of injury.
Diminished awareness or one-sided paralysis causes a lack of sensation that increases the risk of injury.
Residents with Parkinson's disease may need to do range of motion exercises to prevent contractors.
Residents with Parkinson's disease may need to do range of motion exercises to prevent contractors.
Multiple sclerosis is often diagnosed in young adulthood.
Multiple sclerosis is often diagnosed in young adulthood.
Spinal cord injuries are treated with more success if the cord is completely cut or severed.
Spinal cord injuries are treated with more success if the cord is completely cut or severed.
Eye drops are used to treat glaucoma.
Eye drops are used to treat glaucoma.
What statement is true of a hearing aid?
What statement is true of a hearing aid?
Which of the following statements is true of an artificial eye?
Which of the following statements is true of an artificial eye?
When a resident has a vision impairment, a nursing assistant should:
When a resident has a vision impairment, a nursing assistant should:
The best way that a nursing assistant can help a resident who has had a stroke is to:
The best way that a nursing assistant can help a resident who has had a stroke is to:
Residents who have paralysis are at higher risk of injury from:
Residents who have paralysis are at higher risk of injury from:
Which of the following statements is true of dementia?
Which of the following statements is true of dementia?
What is the most common form of dementia?
What is the most common form of dementia?
Which of the following statements is true of dementia?
Which of the following statements is true of dementia?
Define Alzheimer's disease.
Define Alzheimer's disease.
What occurs at stage one of Alzheimer's disease?
What occurs at stage one of Alzheimer's disease?
What occurs at stage two of Alzheimer's disease?
What occurs at stage two of Alzheimer's disease?
What occurs at stage three of Alzheimer's disease?
What occurs at stage three of Alzheimer's disease?
Why is it important to encourage independence in residents with Alzheimer's disease?
Why is it important to encourage independence in residents with Alzheimer's disease?
A nursing assistant should limit the times she uses this word and instead should redirect activities.
A nursing assistant should limit the times she uses this word and instead should redirect activities.
Another name for repetitive phrasing.
Another name for repetitive phrasing.
These types of cues should be watched for as the ability to talk lessens.
These types of cues should be watched for as the ability to talk lessens.
A nursing assistant should first ________________ herself when greeting a resident with Alzheimer's disease.
A nursing assistant should first ________________ herself when greeting a resident with Alzheimer's disease.
Talking about only one of these at a time while using simple, short sentences may be helpful when dealing with a resident with Alzheimer's disease.
Talking about only one of these at a time while using simple, short sentences may be helpful when dealing with a resident with Alzheimer's disease.
An example of a nonverbal communication that can be used as speaking abilities decline.
An example of a nonverbal communication that can be used as speaking abilities decline.
Is it a good or bad idea for non-slip mats, tub seats, and handholds to be used for residents with Alzheimer's disease?
Is it a good or bad idea for non-slip mats, tub seats, and handholds to be used for residents with Alzheimer's disease?
Is it good or bad for residents to always be bathed at the same time every day, even when he is agitated?
Is it good or bad for residents to always be bathed at the same time every day, even when he is agitated?
Is it good or bad if the nursing assistant should not groom residents because they won't understand it?
Is it good or bad if the nursing assistant should not groom residents because they won't understand it?
Is it good or bad that the nursing assistant should calmly explain the care she will be giving the same way every time?
Is it good or bad that the nursing assistant should calmly explain the care she will be giving the same way every time?
Is it good or bad if the resident is incontinent, the nursing assistant should not give him fluids?
Is it good or bad if the resident is incontinent, the nursing assistant should not give him fluids?
Is it good or bad that the nursing assistant should check the resident's skin regularly for signs of irritation?
Is it good or bad that the nursing assistant should check the resident's skin regularly for signs of irritation?
Is it good or bad that the nursing assistant should choose clothes that are easy to put on?
Is it good or bad that the nursing assistant should choose clothes that are easy to put on?
Is it good or bad that the bathroom should be marked with a sign as a reminder to use it and to show where it is?
Is it good or bad that the bathroom should be marked with a sign as a reminder to use it and to show where it is?
Is it good or bad for mealtime, plain plates with simple place settings should be used?
Is it good or bad for mealtime, plain plates with simple place settings should be used?
Is it good or bad that the nursing assistant should not encourage independence, as this leads to aggressive behavior?
Is it good or bad that the nursing assistant should not encourage independence, as this leads to aggressive behavior?
Is it good or bad that the resident's weight should be monitored accurately and frequently?
Is it good or bad that the resident's weight should be monitored accurately and frequently?
Is it good or bad that the nursing assistant should reward positive behavior with smiles, hugs, and warm touches?
Is it good or bad that the nursing assistant should reward positive behavior with smiles, hugs, and warm touches?
Residents with Alzheimer's disease usually do not enjoy participating in activities.
Residents with Alzheimer's disease usually do not enjoy participating in activities.
True or false: Information from a resident's family should be used to plan activities for him.
True or false: Information from a resident's family should be used to plan activities for him.
True or false: Meaningful activities for a resident with Alzheimer's disease draw on past skills that the resident has used throughout his life.
True or false: Meaningful activities for a resident with Alzheimer's disease draw on past skills that the resident has used throughout his life.
True or false: Activities will keep a resident with Alzheimer's disease focused for several hours at a time.
True or false: Activities will keep a resident with Alzheimer's disease focused for several hours at a time.
True or false: If a resident loses interest in an activity, the staff should push her to continue until she is finished because it promotes healthy self-esteem.
True or false: If a resident loses interest in an activity, the staff should push her to continue until she is finished because it promotes healthy self-esteem.
Residents' families should be encouraged to participate in activities.
Residents' families should be encouraged to participate in activities.
True or false: Residents with Alzheimer's disease should be discouraged from exercising.
True or false: Residents with Alzheimer's disease should be discouraged from exercising.
True or false: Each resident should be encouraged to use his or her special skills.
True or false: Each resident should be encouraged to use his or her special skills.
True or false: Reading and playing music are good ways to provide activity for bed-bound residents.
True or false: Reading and playing music are good ways to provide activity for bed-bound residents.
What type of therapy promotes self-esteem, self-awareness, and socialization by having the residents gather in small groups?
What type of therapy promotes self-esteem, self-awareness, and socialization by having the residents gather in small groups?
What type of therapy lets people with Alzheimer's disease believe they live in the past or in imaginary circumstances?
What type of therapy lets people with Alzheimer's disease believe they live in the past or in imaginary circumstances?
What type of therapy encourages people with Alzheimer's disease to remember and talk about the past?
What type of therapy encourages people with Alzheimer's disease to remember and talk about the past?
_________________ is a person's ability to use cognition and emotion appropriately.
_________________ is a person's ability to use cognition and emotion appropriately.
Mental illness is a _________________ that affects a person's ability to function in family, home, work, or community settings.
Mental illness is a _________________ that affects a person's ability to function in family, home, work, or community settings.
_____________________________ is characterized by chronic anxiety, excessive worrying, and tension, even when there is no cause for these feelings.
_____________________________ is characterized by chronic anxiety, excessive worrying, and tension, even when there is no cause for these feelings.
A person who has had a traumatic experience such as being a victim of a crime or a severe accident may develop:
A person who has had a traumatic experience such as being a victim of a crime or a severe accident may develop:
Obsessive-compulsive disorder is characterized by ______________ behavior or thoughts.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder is characterized by ______________ behavior or thoughts.
_______________________ disorder causes extreme self-consciousness in common situations and may cause a person to avoid being around other people.
_______________________ disorder causes extreme self-consciousness in common situations and may cause a person to avoid being around other people.
_______________________ is a type of mental illness that causes withdrawal, lack of energy, and intense sadness.
_______________________ is a type of mental illness that causes withdrawal, lack of energy, and intense sadness.
Clinical depression is treated with ____________________ and __________________.
Clinical depression is treated with ____________________ and __________________.
A person with ______________________ may have mood swings and changes in energy level and ability to function.
A person with ______________________ may have mood swings and changes in energy level and ability to function.
Symptoms of ___________________ include hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking and speech.
Symptoms of ___________________ include hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking and speech.
A person with paranoid schizophrenia may experience delusions of _________________
A person with paranoid schizophrenia may experience delusions of _________________
What are some facts for substance abuse?
What are some facts for substance abuse?
Under what circumstance is an elderly person more at risk for substance abuse?
Under what circumstance is an elderly person more at risk for substance abuse?
Study Notes
Nervous System Functions
- The nervous system controls and coordinates all body functions.
- It senses and interprets information from the external environment.
Structural Components
- Neurons are the basic working units of the nervous system.
- The nervous system consists of two main parts: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
- The central nervous system is made up of the brain and spinal cord.
Sensory Functions
- The ear is responsible for balance and hearing.
- Sense organs include the skin, tongue, nose, eyes, and ears.
Visual Health
- The retina contains photosensitive cells that send messages to the brain.
- Age-related vision changes such as weakened vision, diminished sensitivity of nerve endings, and common conditions like cataracts and glaucoma may occur.
Neurological Conditions
- A cerebrovascular accident (CVA) occurs due to blocked blood supply to the brain or ruptured vessels.
- Concussion results from the brain colliding with the skull.
- Dysphagia refers to difficulty swallowing and emotional lability is marked by unprovoked emotional responses.
Disorders and Symptoms
- Epilepsy is characterized by recurring seizures.
- Expressive and receptive aphasia involve difficulties in speech and understanding, respectively.
- Conditions like multiple sclerosis (MS) and Parkinson's disease involve progressive functions affecting movement and coordination.
Aging Effects on Senses
- Aging may lead to decreased sensory acuity in touch, hearing, and sight.
- Slight, normal age-related memory loss can occur, but major cognitive declines require attention.
- Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and other visual impairments can significantly affect life quality.
Care and Management Strategies
- Encouraging independence in residents with dementia is crucial for mental and physical activity.
- Nonverbal cues, simple communication, and avoiding overwhelming situations enhance interaction with dementia patients.
- Consistent use of support devices and clear signage for residents helps promote safety.
Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease
- Alzheimer's disease is marked by progressive cognitive decline, starting with memory loss and advancing to severe communication difficulties.
- Validation therapy and reminiscence therapy are techniques to engage individuals with Alzheimer's.
- Family involvement and regular activity planning are essential for maintaining engagement and well-being.
Mental Health Awareness
- Mental illness impairs functionality in daily life.
- Conditions like generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder, and major depressive disorder present various challenges and require specific treatment responses, including medication and psychotherapy.
- Substance abuse is more likely in individuals with mental health issues or unstable environments.
Risk Factors and Management
- Elderly individuals face increased risks for substance abuse, especially when combining prescription drugs with alcohol.
- Awareness of past traumatic stress disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder informs care and intervention approaches in affected individuals.
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Description
Explore the functions and components of the nervous system in this quiz. Test your knowledge on sensory functions, visual health, and neurological conditions. Understand how the CNS and PNS work together to coordinate body functions.
